Atomic force microscopy of oxidative coupling reactions of phenols with FeCl3 in the solid state

Abstract

Potential dependent change in local structure of ferrocenyl-terminated molecular islands by electrochemical frequency modulation atomic force microscopyThe solid-solid chemical reactions of phenols or ketones, such as ␤-naphthol ͑1͒ or anthron ͑2͒, with FeCl 3 •6H 2 O by ultraviolet irradiation give coupling dimeric products. The mechanisms are studied using atomic force microscopy ͑AFM͒ and known crystal packing data. AFM reveals that the crystal face ͑100͒ of 2 or ͑001͒ of 1 exhibits stumpy protrusions all over the surface from the contact edge of the crystals, respectively, whereas the long side face ͑010͒ of 2 gives volcanoes. All of those are guided by the crystal structure. Molecular interpretations of the AFM features are given.

Atomic force microscopy of reaction of ammonia gas with crystalline substituted benzoic acid

“…Recently, it has been applied to the submicroscopic investigation of chemical reactions on crystal solids. 1,2 These studies have revealed new perspectives in the realm of gas-solid reactions, [3][4][5][6][7] solid-solid reactions, [8][9][10][11] and crystal photolyses. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] AFM measurements on single-crystal sur-faces reveal phase rebuildings with well-directed long-range molecular transports.…”