Atomic Layer Deposited Electron Transport Layers in Efficient Organometallic Halide Perovskite Devices

McCarthy, M.; Walter, Arnaud; Moon, Soo‐Jin; Noel, Nakita K.; O’Brien, Shane; Pemble, Martyn E.; Nicolay, Sylvain; Snaith, Henry J.; Povey, Ian M.

doi:10.1557/adv.2018.515

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We interpret these bright speckles to be regions where the fullerene is either not directly electronically contacting or not present (i.e., pinholes) on top of the perovskite film. In line with the superior homogeneity of C 60 that we visualize, it is often used as an interlayer alongside an ETL to improve the contact, in both n−i−p 44 and p−i−n architectures, 45 and there can be improved performance in devices with evaporated C 60 as opposed to solution-processed PCBM. 46 The inhomogeneous region in the spiro-OMeTAD map stretches over 3 mm in length, suggesting that it may be prone to poor electronic contact over large length scales.…”

Section: Acs Energy Letterssupporting

confidence: 56%

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite the incredible progress made, the highest efficiency perovskite solar cells are still restricted to small areas (<1 cm 2 ). In large part, this stems from a poor understanding of the widespread spatial heterogeneity in devices. Conventional techniques to assess heterogeneities can be time consuming, operate only at microscopic length scales, and demand specialized equipment. We overcome these limitations by using luminescence imaging to reveal large, millimeter-scale heterogeneities in the inferred electronic properties. We determine spatially resolved maps of "charge collection quality", measured using the ratio of photoluminescence intensity at open and short circuit. We apply these methods to quantify the inhomogeneities introduced by a wide range of transport layers, thereby ranking them by suitability for upscaling. We reveal that top-contacting transport layers are the dominant source of heterogeneity in the multilayer material stack. We suggest that this methodology can be used to accelerate the development of highly efficient, large-area modules, especially through high-throughput experimentation.

show abstract

Section: Acs Energy Letterssupporting

confidence: 56%

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…pinholes) on top of the perovskite film. In line with the superior homogeneity of C60 that we visualise, it is often used as an interlayer alongside an ETL to improve the contact, both in n-i-p 44 and p-i-n architectures 45 , and there is improved performance in devices with evaporated C60 as opposed to solution processed PCBM 46 .…”

Section: Toc Graphicsupporting

confidence: 56%

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Płochocka

2023

Proceedings of the MATSUS Fall 2023 Conference

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite the incredible progress made, the highest efficiency perovskite solar cells are still restricted to small areas (<1 cm 2 ). In large part, this stems from a poor understanding of the widespread spatial heterogeneity in devices. Conventional techniques to assess heterogeneities can be time consuming, operate only at microscopic length scales, and demand specialist equipment. We overcome these limitations by using luminescence imaging to reveal large, millimetre scale heterogeneities in inferred electronic properties.We determine spatially resolved maps of 'charge collection quality', measured using the ratio of photoluminescence intensity at open and short-circuit. We apply these methods to quantify the inhomogeneities introduced by a wide range of transport layers, thereby ranking them by suitability for upscaling. We reveal that top-contacting transport layers are the dominant source of heterogeneity in the multi-layer materials stack. We suggest that

show abstract

“…If no reactive sites are available, no further deposition can take place. The uniformity and unparalleled conformality provided by this technique have led to its favored use in the scaling down of microelectronics. ,− The low-temperature deposition and mild technique has also led to its application in perovskite solar cells − as well as deposition on temperature-sensitive polymers. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Nonradiative Losses in Perovskite LEDs through Atomic Layer Deposition of Al₂O₃ on the Hole-Injection Contact

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) exhibit great potential for use in next-generation display technologies. However, scale-up will be challenging due to the requirement of very thin transport layers for high efficiencies, which often present spatial inhomogeneities from improper wetting and drying during solution processing. Here, we show how a thin Al 2 O 3 layer grown by atomic layer deposition can be used to preferentially cover regions of imperfect hole transport layer deposition and form an intermixed composite with the organic transport layer, allowing hole conduction and injection to persist through the organic hole transporter. This has the dual effect of reducing nonradiative recombination at the heterojunction and improving carrier selectivity, which we infer to be due to the inhibition of direct contact between the indium tin oxide and perovskite layers. We observe an immediate improvement in electroluminescent external quantum efficiency in our p-i-n LEDs from an average of 9.8% to 13.5%, with a champion efficiency of 15.0%. The technique uses industrially available equipment and can readily be scaled up to larger areas and incorporated in other applications such as thin-film photovoltaic cells.

show abstract

Atomic Layer Deposited Electron Transport Layers in Efficient Organometallic Halide Perovskite Devices

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Reducing Nonradiative Losses in Perovskite LEDs through Atomic Layer Deposition of Al₂O₃ on the Hole-Injection Contact

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Atomic Layer Deposited Electron Transport Layers in Efficient Organometallic Halide Perovskite Devices

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Visualizing Macroscopic Inhomogeneities in Perovskite Solar Cells

Reducing Nonradiative Losses in Perovskite LEDs through Atomic Layer Deposition of Al2O3 on the Hole-Injection Contact

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Reducing Nonradiative Losses in Perovskite LEDs through Atomic Layer Deposition of Al₂O₃ on the Hole-Injection Contact