Atomic Layers in Electrochemical Biosensing Applications - Graphene and Beyond

Novel amperometric glucose biosensor based on MXene nanocomposite

“…The superior sensing performance of GOx/Au/MXene/Nafion/GCE is attributed to the improvement in the relative activity of GOx in the presence of Au nanoparticles. It has been widely reported that the biosensing properties of graphene-based sensors can be dramatically improved by anchoring Au nanoparticles on the surface of graphene nanosheets5354555657. In a similar way, dispersion of Au nanoparticles on the surface of MXene nanosheets is expected to improve the electrical conductivity and makes the resultant Au/MXene composite as a better electrochemical transducer/enzyme immobilization matrix.…”

Fluorographene: Synthesis and sensing applications

“…The detection of DA is always challenging due to its physiological concentration is in the range of ;0.01 lM, which is considerably low for detection, and the interference originating from the coexisting analyte like AA and UA makes the detection of DA quite challenging. 43 Electrochemical methods are often preferred for DA detection due to its electrochemical activeness. Hence to avoid the interference from AA and UA during the detection, sensitive electrodes of suitable materials are need to be used.…”

One-Step Surface-Plasma-Induced Exfoliation of the Graphite/WS2 Bilayer into Homogeneous Two-Dimensional Graphene/WS2 Nanosheet Composites as Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

“…Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs; e.g., MoS 2 , MoSe 2 , WS 2 , and WSe 2 monolayers and nanosheets) have recently been examined for their use in various applications, including electronic devices (transistors, memory devices, light-emitting diodes), energy storage (supercapacitors, batteries), energy conversation (solar cells), sensing (gas sensors, electrochemical sensors), and catalysis [hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (ORE)]. − One key for a practical HER is the development of efficient, durable, and inexpensive materials. With the current limited supply and high price of platinum (Pt), other materials are being sought for the HER.…”

“…Graphene is an excellent 2D material with high conductivity, good durability, and a large surface area that, through the formation of composites, can improve the electrical, physical, and chemical properties and electrochemical durability of WS 2 for catalytic applications . Meanwhile, in our previous studies, we have used two sequential steps of low-temperature-induced plasma processes as an effective approach for exfoliating or in situ doping of bulk TMD materials, thereby producing 2D materials such as graphene, MoS 2 , and MoSe 2 nanosheets with high stability and efficiency for various energy applications. − Nevertheless, the development of composite nanosheets has encountered problems such as requiring multiple steps in a relatively long time, nonhomogeneous mixing of the multiple components, and controlling the quality of target materials. In this situation, it is necessary to find a new process that improves the quality and decreases the time for making homogeneous composites from bulk precursor materials simultaneously.…”