Atomic spectrometry update. Environmental analysis

Butler, Owen T.; Cairns, Warren R. L.; Cook, Jennifer M.; Davidson, Christine M.

doi:10.1039/c2ja90077g

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 393 publications

(202 reference statements)

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“…Water‐soluble Na + and K + concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry using a SpectrAA‐880 Double Beam atomic absorption spectrometer (Varian, Palo Alto, CA) [ Butler et al ., ; Fernandez , ; Rhodes et al ., ]. One to two milliliters of the quartz fiber filter sample extracts were aspirated into an acetylene airflame at 0.5 mL min −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-diagnostic dual-isotope composition and optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon and elemental carbon in the South Asian outflow intercepted over the Indian Ocean

Bosch

Andersson

Кириллова

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

153

163

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The dual carbon isotope signatures and optical properties of carbonaceous aerosols have been investigated simultaneously for the first time in the South Asian outflow during an intensive campaign at the Maldives Climate Observatory on Hanimaadhoo (MCOH) (February and March 2012). As one component of the Cloud Aerosol Radiative Forcing Dynamics Experiment, this paper reports on the sources and the atmospheric processing of elemental carbon (EC) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) as examined by a dual carbon isotope approach. The radiocarbon (Δ 14 C) data show that WSOC has a significantly higher biomass/biogenic contribution (86 ± 5%) compared to EC (59 ± 4%). The more 13 C-enriched signature of MCOH-WSOC (À20.8 ± 0.7‰) compared to MCOH-EC (À25.8 ± 0.3‰) and megacity Delhi WSOC (À24.1 ± 0.9‰) suggests that WSOC is significantly more affected by aging during long-range transport than EC. The δ 13 C-Δ 14 C signal suggests that the wintertime WSOC intercepted over the Indian Ocean largely represents aged primary biomass burning aerosols. Since light-absorbing organic carbon aerosols (Brown Carbon (BrC)) have recently been identified as potential contributors to positive radiative forcing, optical properties of WSOC were also investigated. The mass absorption cross section of WSOC (MAC 365 ) was 0.5 ± 0.2 m 2 g À1 which is lower than what has been observed at near-source sites, indicating a net decrease of WSOC light-absorption character during long-range transport. Near-surface WSOC at MCOH accounted for~1% of the total direct solar absorbance relative to EC, which is lower than the BrC absorption inferred from solar spectral observations of ambient aerosols, suggesting that a significant portion of BrC might be included in the water-insoluble portion of organic aerosols.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-diagnostic dual-isotope composition and optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon and elemental carbon in the South Asian outflow intercepted over the Indian Ocean

Bosch

Andersson

Кириллова

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

153

163

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“…Collection and storage 3. 2 Digestion, extraction and preconcentration 4 Progress with analytical techniques 4.1 Mass spectrometry 4. 2 Atomic absorption spectrometry 4.…”

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confidence: 99%

Atomic spectrometry update: Review of advances in the analysis of clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages

Taylor

Day

Hill³

et al. 2014

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

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“…31 For example, Butler et al 2010;Issaroa, Abi-Ghanema, and Bermonda 2009;or Jarup 2003. ASIAN MEDICINE 8 (2013) 181-198 pure chemicals have a well-defined degree (e.g.…”

Section: No Modem Discourse Without the Atomic Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mercury Puzzle

Schwabl¹

2013

Asian Med

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In the last decades, Tibetan medicine has spread around the globe. From a Western point of view, Tibetan medicine is part of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (cam). In many Asian medicines, mercury sulphide is considered an important ingredient. Tibetan medicine is famous for its precious pills, many of which contain mercury sulphide in the form of an ash called tsotel (btso that). In the Western, specifically in the European con text, such ingredients are not accepted for human consumption. These legalities are dis cussed from the perspective of today's pharmaceutical practice in Europe. Neither the law of medicinal products nor the food law allow such ingredients and place strict limits on residues of heavy metals. The cam community is also very cautious about any use of heavy metals. This article advocates that on the global level, the production and distribution of Tibetan medicines has to consider today's modern pharmaceutical and biomedical environment. The formulas of Tibetan medicine based solely on herbs and certain min erals could be the foundation stone for a modern pharmacopoeia of Tibetan medicine. Tibetan medicines are always a carefully blended mixture of many ingredients. This multi-compound principle could then serve as a basic concept for a modernised Tibetan medicine. Such medicines have to be investigated in their entirety, without reducing the formula to its active ingredients. This article suggests that such a herbal mixture could be understood as a new 'man-made herb' , where the scientific tools specifically developed to investigate individual herbal constituents would be applied to the entire © KONINKLIJKE BRILL NV, LEIDEN, 2014 |

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Atomic spectrometry update. Environmental analysis

Cited by 31 publications

References 393 publications

Source-diagnostic dual-isotope composition and optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon and elemental carbon in the South Asian outflow intercepted over the Indian Ocean

Source-diagnostic dual-isotope composition and optical properties of water-soluble organic carbon and elemental carbon in the South Asian outflow intercepted over the Indian Ocean

Atomic spectrometry update: Review of advances in the analysis of clinical and biological materials, foods and beverages

The Mercury Puzzle

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