Atomistic structure of alkali-silica reaction products refined from X-ray diffraction and micro X-ray absorption data

Geng, Guoqing; Shi, Zhenguo; Leemann, Andreas; Borca, Camelia N.; Huthwelker, Thomas; Glazyrin, Konstantin; Pekov, Igor V.; Churakov, Sergey V.; Lothenbach, Barbara; Dähn, Rainer; Wieland, Erich

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105958

Cited by 50 publications

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“…As illustrated in Fig. 1, the crystalline ASR product was resolved to have a layer-silicate structure which is highly comparable to the mineral shlykovite (Geng et al, 2020;Pekov et al, 2010). In each main layer, a sheet of Ca is charge balanced by two silicate sheets where K (and Na) ions are hosted in eight-membered silicate rings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The ASR products generally bear the composition of (CaO) m Á(Na/ KO 0.5 ) n Á(SiO 2 )Á(H 2 O) l , where m and n range from 0.2 to 0.3 for ISSN 2052-5206 # 2020 International Union of Crystallography the crystalline ASR product. For amorphous product, m has a larger variation range between 0.3 and 0.6 (Leemann & Lura, 2013;Katayama, 2012;Thomas, 2001;Geng et al, 2020). Little is known regarding the water content in ASR product from affected infrastructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet increasing micro-morphological (Leemann, 2017;Cole et al, 1981;Katayama, 2012) and crystal-chemical (Leemann, 2017;Dä hn et al, 2016) studies have suggested the relevance of addressing this heterogeneity in order to realistically describe the physiochemical process of ASR at microscale. Recently, integrated investigations on field-extracted (Geng et al, 2020) and laboratory-synthesized (Shi et al, , 2020 ASR samples provided new insight to the atomistic configuration of ASR products. As illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the similarity of the main layer structure, the ASR product may exhibit variation in the basal spacing (i.e. the thickness of interlayer), resulting in multiple basal peaks in the micro-XRD of the ASR products (Geng et al, 2020). The unit-cell angles and may also undergo variations suggesting an in-planar glide between adjacent layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unit-cell angles and may also undergo variations suggesting an in-planar glide between adjacent layers. Meanwhile, the amorphous ASR product near the aggregate surface seems to possess a chemical environment similar to that of calcium silica hydrate (C-S-H) (Geng et al, 2020). Therefore, one may expect the crystalline and amorphous ASR products to possess distinct physical properties, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical behavior and phase change of alkali-silica reaction products under hydrostatic compression

Geng

Shi

Leemann

et al. 2020

Acta Crystallogr Sect B

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Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) causes severe degradation of concrete. The mechanical property of the ASR product is fundamental to the multiscale modeling of concrete behavior over the long term. Despite years of study, there is a lack of consensus regarding the structure and elastic modulus of the ASR product. Here, ASR products from both degraded field infrastructures and laboratory synthesis were investigated using high-pressure X-ray diffraction. The results unveiled the multiphase and metastable nature of ASR products from the field. The dominant phase undergoes permanent phase change via collapsing of the interlayer region and in-planar glide of the main layer, under pressure >2 GPa. The bulk moduli of the low- and high-pressure polymorphs are 27±3 and 46±3 GPa, respectively. The laboratory-synthesized sample and the minor phase in the field samples undergo no changes of phase during compression. Their bulk moduli are 35±2 and 76±4 GPa, respectively. The results provide the first atomistic-scale measurement of the mechanical property of crystalline ASR products.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mechanical behavior and phase change of alkali-silica reaction products under hydrostatic compression

Geng

Shi

Leemann

et al. 2020

Acta Crystallogr Sect B

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A Multiscale and Multimethod Approach to Assess and Mitigate Concrete Damage Due to Alkali–Silica Reaction

et al. 2022

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Alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is a chemical reaction within concrete which can lead over time to cracking and spalling. Due to the complexity of the problem, it still causes damage to concrete constructions worldwide. The study aims to illustrate the interdisciplinary research of the German Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM) within the last 20 years, considering all aspects of ASR topics from the macro‐ to the micro‐level. First, methods for characterization and assessment of ASR risks and reaction products used at BAM are explained and classified in the international context. Subsequently, the added value of the research approach by combining different, preferably nondestructive, methods across all scales is explained using specific examples from a variety of research projects. Aspects covered range from the development of new test setups to assess aggregate reactivity, to analysis of microstructure and reaction products using microscopical, spectroscopical, and X‐ray methods, to the development of a testing methodology for existing concrete pavements including in‐depth analysis of the visual damage indicator and the deicing salt input using innovative testing techniques. Finally, research regarding a novel avoidance strategy that makes use of internal hydrophobization of the concrete mix is presented.

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Computational modeling of temperature and relative humidity effects on concrete expansion due to alkali–silica reaction

Yang

Pathirage

et al. 2021

Cement and Concrete Composites

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Atomistic structure of alkali-silica reaction products refined from X-ray diffraction and micro X-ray absorption data

Cited by 50 publications

References 50 publications

Mechanical behavior and phase change of alkali-silica reaction products under hydrostatic compression

Mechanical behavior and phase change of alkali-silica reaction products under hydrostatic compression

A Multiscale and Multimethod Approach to Assess and Mitigate Concrete Damage Due to Alkali–Silica Reaction

Computational modeling of temperature and relative humidity effects on concrete expansion due to alkali–silica reaction

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