Atomoxetine could improve intra-individual variability in drug-naïve adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder comparably with methylphenidate: A head-to-head randomized clinical trial

Ni, Hsing‐Chang; Gu, Shoou-Lian Hwang; Lin, Hon‐Yi; Lin, Yu‐Ju; Yang, Lifang; Huang, Hui‐Chun; Gau, Susan Shur‐Fen

doi:10.1177/0269881116632377

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Positive effects of acute methylphenidate have also been found on adult ADHD planning skills ( Chamberlain et al, 2011 ). Adult studies with active treatment periods of 1 to at least 10 weeks ( Bouffard et al, 2003 ; Boonstra et al, 2005 ; Fallu et al, 2006 ; Tucha et al, 2006 ; Ni et al, 2013 , 2016 ; Bron et al, 2014 ; Biederman et al, 2015 ; Skirrow et al, 2015 ; Goodman et al, 2017 ) and a single open-label study of up to 52 weeks ( Ginsberg et al, 2012 ) have found positive effects on some aspects of attention; mixed findings with regards to working memory, response inhibition, and planning; and no effects on spatial span or forward digit span. Of 2 nonacute methylphenidate studies of delay-related behaviors, one adult study found positive effects of 2 weeks of methylphenidate on delay discounting ( Crunelle et al, 2014 ), whereas no effects of 6 months of methylphenidate on DA was found in children ( Morell and Expósito, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay Aversion and Executive Functioning in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Before and After Stimulant Treatment

Low

Sommer

Vangkilde

et al. 2018

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a heterogeneous disorder, associated with deficits in motivation (e.g., delay aversion) and cognition. Methylphenidate is recommended as a first line treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, but little is known about its nonacute effects on motivational and cognitive deficits, particularly in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.MethodsWe utilized a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded, 6-week follow-up design with 42 initially stimulant medication-naïve adult patients with moderate to severe attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and 42 age- and parental education-matched healthy controls. Delay aversion and executive functioning were assessed with 2 questionnaires and 5 performance-based tests.ResultsAt baseline, patients and controls differed significantly on performance-based measures (moderate to large effect sizes), and self-report of delay aversion and executive functioning (very large effect sizes). Treatment with methylphenidate medication (mean dose 65.54 mg/d, SD=10.39) was not associated with improvements in performance-based measures of delay aversion and executive functioning compared to controls, although improvements in self-report executive functioning and delay aversion were found. Self-reported delay aversion was most consistently associated with ADHD symptomatology at baseline and after medication.ConclusionMethylphenidate treatment does not have an effect on performance-based measures of delay aversion and executive functioning, but may have significant effects on self-reported delay aversion and executive functioning. The latter finding should be interpreted cautiously, given the subjective nature of these measures and design limitations. Self-reported delay aversion is most consistently associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptomatology.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay Aversion and Executive Functioning in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Before and After Stimulant Treatment

Low

Sommer

Vangkilde

et al. 2018

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that may persist into adulthood [Kessler et al, 2005b;Lin et al, 2016;Treuer et al, 2013]. Atomoxetine, an inhibitor of the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter, has demonstrated efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms [Gau et al, 2007a], improving quality of life [Ni et al, 2017], and improving neuropsychological functions in children [Gau and Shang, 2007a, 2010a, 2010b and adults [Ni et al, 2013[Ni et al, , 2016 with ADHD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) has been used to assess executive functions, including inhibitory control [Gau and Huang, 2014] and visual processing [Shang and Gau, 2011] which are suggested to be the endophenotypes for ADHD. Studies have examined drug-related improvements on several domains of neuropsychological functions in a single study among children [Gau and Shang, 2010a;Shang and Gau, 2012] and adults [Ni et al, 2013[Ni et al, , 2016 with ADHD; and have examined executive functions assessed by the CAN-TAB with microstructural integrity of frontostriatal fiber tracts in children with ADHD [Chiang et al, 2016;Shang et al, 2013]. Previous studies have showed that patients with ADHD demonstrated poorer performance of inhibitory control in the rapid visual information processing (RVP) test [Gau and Huang, 2014;Gau and Shang, 2010a;Ni et al, 2013] and visual processing in the delayed matching to sample (DMS) test Gau, 2011, 2012], as compared to neurotypical children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of atomoxetine improving inhibitory control and visual processing in Drug‐naïve adults with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Fan

Chou

Gau

2017

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atomoxetine improves inhibitory control and visual processing in healthy volunteers and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, little is known about the neural correlates of these two functions after chronic treatment with atomoxetine. This study aimed to use the counting Stroop task with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) to investigate the changes related to inhibitory control and visual processing in adults with ADHD. This study is an 8-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial of atomoxetine in 24 drug-naïve adults with ADHD. We investigated the changes of treatment with atomoxetine compared to placebo-treated counterparts using the counting Stroop fMRI and two CANTAB tests: rapid visual information processing (RVP) for inhibitory control and delayed matching to sample (DMS) for visual processing. Atomoxetine decreased activations in the right inferior frontal gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex, which were correlated with the improvement in inhibitory control assessed by the RVP. Also, atomoxetine increased activation in the left precuneus, which was correlated with the improvement in the mean latency of correct responses assessed by the DMS. Moreover, anterior cingulate activation in the pre-treatment was able to predict the improvements of clinical symptoms. Treatment with atomoxetine may improve inhibitory control to suppress interference and may enhance the visual processing to process numbers. In addition, the anterior cingulate cortex might play an important role as a biological marker for the treatment effectiveness of atomoxetine. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4850-4864, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

show abstract

“…Our goal is to impute the missing data of the scales; however, there are some of items in the scales designed for screening ODD symptoms, which are not ADHD symptoms but highly cooccurring with ADHD (CPRS-R:S: 2,6,11,16,20,24; CTRS-R:S: 2,6,10,15,20; SNAP-IV-P: 19-26; SNAP-IV-T: [19][20][21][23][24][25][26]29). We also conducted analyses without the ODD symptoms (see Supplementary Figure 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given its high prevalence and long-term impairment, there is a pressing need for early detection, diagnosis, and intervention of ADHD in youth population. Although clinical diagnosis has been recognized as the gold standard for ascertaining ADHD in clinical practice, attention tests and standardized rating scales measuring ADHD and related symptoms are often used to screen for potential cases of ADHD ( 19 ), assist in diagnosis ( 20 ), and monitor symptom changes over time ( 21 , 22 ) or in response to treatment ( 23 – 27 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Deep Learning Approach for Missing Data Imputation of Rating Scales Assessing Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cheng

Tseng

Chang³

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A variety of tools and methods have been used to measure behavioral symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Missing data is a major concern in ADHD behavioral studies. This study used a deep learning method to impute missing data in ADHD rating scales and evaluated the ability of the imputed dataset (i.e., the imputed data replacing the original missing values) to distinguish youths with ADHD from youths without ADHD. The data were collected from 1220 youths, 799 of whom had an ADHD diagnosis, and 421 were typically developing (TD) youths without ADHD, recruited in Northern Taiwan. Participants were assessed using the Conners' Continuous Performance Test, the Chinese versions of the Conners' rating scale-revised: short form for parent and teacher reports, and the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, version IV scale for parent and teacher reports. We used deep learning, with information from the original complete dataset (referred to as the reference dataset), to perform missing data imputation and generate an imputation order according to the imputed accuracy of each question. We evaluated the effectiveness of imputation using support vector machine to classify the ADHD and TD groups in the imputed dataset. The imputed dataset can classify ADHD vs. TD up to 89% accuracy, which did not differ from the classification accuracy (89%) using the reference dataset. Most of the behaviors related to oppositional behaviors rated by teachers and hyperactivity/impulsivity rated by both parents and teachers showed high discriminatory accuracy to distinguish ADHD from non-ADHD. Our findings support a deep learning solution for missing data imputation without introducing bias to the data.

show abstract

Atomoxetine could improve intra-individual variability in drug-naïve adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder comparably with methylphenidate: A head-to-head randomized clinical trial

Cited by 19 publications

References 78 publications

Delay Aversion and Executive Functioning in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Before and After Stimulant Treatment

Delay Aversion and Executive Functioning in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Before and After Stimulant Treatment

Neural correlates of atomoxetine improving inhibitory control and visual processing in Drug‐naïve adults with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder

A Deep Learning Approach for Missing Data Imputation of Rating Scales Assessing Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About