2022
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac1735
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ATOMS: ALMA Three-millimeter Observations of Massive Star-forming regions – XI. From inflow to infall in hub-filament systems

Abstract: We investigate the presence of hub-filament systems in a large sample of 146 active proto-clusters, using H13CO+ J=1-0 molecular line data obtained from the ATOMS survey. We find that filaments are ubiquitous in proto-clusters, and hub-filament systems are very common from dense core scales (∼0.1 pc) to clump/cloud scales (∼1–10 pc). The proportion of proto-clusters containing hub-filament systems decreases with increasing dust temperature (Td) and luminosity-to-mass ratios (L/M) of clumps, indicating that ste… Show more

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Cited by 40 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…Many observational and numerical studies are gradually converging to a multi-scale mass accretion scenario for the formation of high-mass stars, and these highlight the role of HFSs in high-mass star formation (Beuther et al 2018;Vázquez-Semadeni et al 2019;Kumar et al 2020;Padoan et al 2020;Liu et al 2022bLiu et al , 2023Saha et al 2022). HFSs have been the focus of several statistical studies (Kumar et al 2020;Zhou et al 2022;Liu et al 2023). In particular, Liu et al (2023) studied a sample of 17 HFSs composed of two distinct evolutionary stages using high-angular resolution (∼1″-2″) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1.3 mm (Li et al 2023;Morii et al 2023) and 3 mm continuum data (Liu et al 2020b;Sanhueza et al 2019).…”
Section: Multi-scale Scenario Of High-mass Star Formationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Many observational and numerical studies are gradually converging to a multi-scale mass accretion scenario for the formation of high-mass stars, and these highlight the role of HFSs in high-mass star formation (Beuther et al 2018;Vázquez-Semadeni et al 2019;Kumar et al 2020;Padoan et al 2020;Liu et al 2022bLiu et al , 2023Saha et al 2022). HFSs have been the focus of several statistical studies (Kumar et al 2020;Zhou et al 2022;Liu et al 2023). In particular, Liu et al (2023) studied a sample of 17 HFSs composed of two distinct evolutionary stages using high-angular resolution (∼1″-2″) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 1.3 mm (Li et al 2023;Morii et al 2023) and 3 mm continuum data (Liu et al 2020b;Sanhueza et al 2019).…”
Section: Multi-scale Scenario Of High-mass Star Formationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Here, HFSs work as conveyor belts to transport gas material from large-scale clouds, through hubcomposing filaments, to central hubs and further to smaller scales (i.e., cores, and seeds of star formation). Although this scenario has been strongly supported by recent multi-scale observational and statistical studies (Kumar et al 2020;Zhou et al 2022;Liu et al 2023), GHC advocates a cloud-scale gravitational origin of the flows assembling the HFS, while I2 advocates a turbulent origin. For this reason, the kinetic energy is expected to dominate at the clump scale in the I2 model, while gravitational energy should dominate up to the cloud scale according to GHC.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The hierarchical density structure discussed above can promote high-mass star formation. This is supported by several observational studies that include both single dish and interferometric observations from the far-infrared (IR) to millimeter regime (e.g., Schneider et al 2012;Liu et al 2012;Peretto et al 2013;Williams et al 2018;Yuan et al 2018;Issac et al 2019;Kumar et al 2020;Anderson et al 2021;Beltrán et al 2022;Liu et al 2022a,b;Sanhueza et al 2021;Saha et al 2022;Zhou et al 2022;Thomasson et al 2022). These studies reveal that young massive stellar clusters appear in HFSs with the high-mass stars being preferentially formed in the hubs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 76%
“…They have a median distance of ∼ 3.6 kpc in a range of ∼ 1.3-5.4 kpc with the IR-dark HFSs (∼ 3.9 kpc) being on average around 1.4 times farther than the IR-bright ones (∼ 2.7 kpc). It is worth noting that the 9 IR-bright HFSs selected here have been reported by Zhou et al (2022) as part of a statistical study to identify and study HFSs in a large sample of 146 active massive protoclusters based on the H 13 CO + (1-0) line data from the same ATOMS survey. Among the sample studied by Zhou et al (2022), these 9 IR-bright HFSs stand out in terms of the 8 µm appearance of their hub-composing filaments as elongated dark lanes.…”
Section: Samplementioning
confidence: 99%
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