Atopic Dermatitis

Engler, Deirdré; Makola, F; Magongwa, Nicholus Malesela

doi:10.4102/safp.v60i6.4932

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Skin damage and scratching behaviors were assessed weekly. Pictures of dorsal skin lesions were taken independently and blindly scored for severity by a designated trained technician each week (Engler et al, 2019). The severities of erythema, pruritus and dry skin, edema and excoriation, erosion, and lichenification were scored using a 4‐point scale (0 points (asymptomatic), 1 point (mild), 2 points (moderate), and 3 points (severe) (Negi et al, 2012).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinus koraiensis needle or cone extracts alleviate atopic dermatitis symptoms by regulating immunity and suppressing inflammation in HaCaT cells and Nc/Nga mice

Ryuk

Moon

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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Pinus koraiensis needles (PKN) and cones (PKC) have been shown to protect against inflammation and pathogenic bacteria. We investigated the efficacies and action mechanisms of topical applications of 1,3-butylene glycol (BG) extracts and oral administration of their water extracts on atopic dermatitis (AD) symptoms. After exposing HaCaT cells and Nc/Nga mice dorsal skins to 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce atopic dermatitis models, they were topically applied BG (AD-control), 30% PKNX, or 30% PKCX to the skin lesions and fed water extracts (0.5%) in high-fat diets for 5 weeks. Normal-control mice had no DNCB exposure. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), IL-4, and TNFα levels and gene expressions of TNFα, IL-4, IL-6, and IFNγ in the dorsal skin and HaCaT cells were measured. The AD-control mice elevated TNFα and IL-6 mRNA levels in HaCaT cells. Both extracts attenuated clinical AD symptoms in AD-induced Nc/Nga mice: PKNX improved hemorrhage, erythema, and lichenification of dorsal skin better than PKCX while both similarly alleviated erythema, edema, excoriation, and itching behavior. PKCX reduced IgE contents and increased filaggrin mRNA expression better than PKNX, but PKNX reduced lipid peroxides and mRNA levels of TNFα and IL-4 in the dorsal skin. In the histological analysis of the dorsal skin, the administration of both extracts significantly decreased mast cell numbers, immune cell infiltration, gaps between the epidermis and dermis, and abnormal cell and nucleus shapes. In conclusion, both PKCX and PKNX treatment alleviated the DNCB-induced clinical symptoms of AD by alleviating immune-related symptoms and inflammation in partially different pathways. Therefore, PKNX and PKCX may be effective for AD therapy. Practical applicationsAtopic dermatitis (AD) is related to an overly activated immune response, and it has steadily increased last 3 decades. However, no optimal sustainable treatments are available. Pinus koraiensis needles and cones extracts have been used for antiinflammatory and antimicrobial treatment. The present study demonstrated that their intake and topical administration onto the AD lesion alleviated clinical AD symptoms associated with reduced proinflammatory cytokines, mast cell numbers, and immune cell infiltrates to maintain dermal structure with maintaining filaggrin expression in How to cite this article:

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinus koraiensis needle or cone extracts alleviate atopic dermatitis symptoms by regulating immunity and suppressing inflammation in HaCaT cells and Nc/Nga mice

Ryuk

Moon

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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“…65 Providing patients and caregivers with this information should be prioritised and is as important as other treatment strategies. 66 Communication with patients is important as a regular follow-up improves the clinical outcome through greater adherence to treatment. 67 Any change in the treatment plan should be clearly explained to the patient.…”

Section: Patient and Caregiver Education And Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paediatric atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) in South Africa: A practical algorithm for the management of mild-to-moderate disease in daily clinical practice

Kannenberg

Karabus

Visser

et al. 2020

South African Family Practice

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Background: Atopic eczema (AE) is a chronic, highly pruritic, inflammatory skin condition with increasing prevalence worldwide. Atopic eczema mostly affects children, impairing quality of life with poor disease control leading to progression of other atopic disorders. As most patients in South Africa have no access to specialist healthcare, a practical approach is needed for the management of mild-to-moderate AE in paediatric patients for daily clinical practice.Methods: A panel of experts in AE convened to develop a practical algorithm for the management of AE for children and adolescents in South Africa.Results: Regular moisturising with an oil-based emollient remains the mainstay of AE treatment. Severe AE flares should be managed with topical corticosteroids (TCSs). For mildto-moderate AE flares in sensitive skin areas, a topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) should be applied twice daily from the first signs of AE until complete resolution. Topical corticosteroids may be used when TCIs are unavailable. In non-sensitive skin areas, TCSs should be used for mild-to-moderate AE, but TCIs twice daily may be considered. Proactive maintenance treatment with low-dose TCI or TCS 2-3 times weekly and the liberal use of emollients is recommended for patients with recurrent flares.Conclusions: This algorithm aims to simplify treatment of paediatric AE, optimising clinical outcomes and reducing disease burden. This approach excludes treatment of patients with severe AE, who should be referred to specialist care. Emphasis has been given to the importance of general skincare, patient education and the topical anti-inflammatory medications available in South Africa (TCSs and TCIs).

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Atopic Dermatitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

Pinus koraiensis needle or cone extracts alleviate atopic dermatitis symptoms by regulating immunity and suppressing inflammation in HaCaT cells and Nc/Nga mice

Pinus koraiensis needle or cone extracts alleviate atopic dermatitis symptoms by regulating immunity and suppressing inflammation in HaCaT cells and Nc/Nga mice

Paediatric atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) in South Africa: A practical algorithm for the management of mild-to-moderate disease in daily clinical practice

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