ATP-Activatable Photosensitizer Enables Dual Fluorescence Imaging and Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Tumor

Shen, Yizhong; Tian, Qian; Sun, Yidan; Xu, Jing‐Juan; Ye, Deju; Chen, Hong‐Yuan

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04197

Cited by 92 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The synthesized Apt43–Ag 2 S QDs exhibited strong fluorescence emission and absorption in the NIR region and high photothermal conversion capabilities, and have been applied for the in vivo ablation of tumors. In addition, by incorporating two different aptamers into a hybrid micellar QDs, intracellular ATP‐activatable aptamer–QDs has been reported by Shen et al, which enabled dual fluorescence imaging and targeted photodynamic therapy of tumor ( Figure A).…”

Section: Molecular Engineering Of Aptamer‐based Nanomaterials Toward mentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Molecular Engineering of Functional Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials toward In Vivo Applications

Zhang

Lan

2019

Adv Healthcare Materials

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equally exciting and perhaps more challenging field of application is toward their in vivo applications, including living animals and human bodies, in diverse areas, [2] such as sensing, drug delivery, medical imaging, and cancer therapy. However, most of these nanomaterials lack selectivity toward targets of interests. Therefore, to employ these nanomaterials for a wider range of in vivo applications, various molecular engineering approaches have been employed to obtained nanomaterials functionalized with biomolecules to enable selective targeting. [3][4][5] Among these biomolecules, functional nucleic acids, or FNAs, have shown the most promise.FNAs are DNA or RNA molecules that can interact with or bind to a specific analyte, resulting in a conformational change and/or a catalytic reaction. [6] As their names suggested, ribozymes and deoxyribozymes (called DNAzyme hereafter) can act as enzymes in the presence of cofactors to catalyze various reactions, including cleavage and ligation of RNA/DNA, and phosphorylation and peroxidation of DNA. On the other hand, riboswitches and DNA aptamers are antibody-like receptors that can bind target molecules with high affinity and selectivity. Furthermore, the binding abilities of riboswitches and aptamers can be combined with the enzymatic function of ribozymes or DNAzymes to form aptazymes so that the binding of targets can inhibit or enhance the catalytic activities. These nucleic acids, including DNAzymes, aptamers, and aptazymes, are collectively known as FNAs to emphasize their functions beyond the traditional genetic storage and transformations roles for DNA and RNA. Unlike DNA and RNA inside biological systems, FNAs are isolated via a combinatorial technique known as in vitro selection, or a process also known as systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). The discovery of new functions of nucleic acids has not only resulted in major advances in the fields of molecular biology and biochemistry, but also revolutionized sensors designs for both in vitro and in vivo applications. [7,8] Over the past decade, numerous FNA-based nanomaterials have been developed. [9][10][11][12] Among these FNA-based nanosystems, the functions of FNAs can be categorized into two types: diagnostic function and therapeutic function. For the diagnostic function, the FNAs serve either as the biorecognition ligands for direct sensing and imaging of the Recent advances in nanotechnology and engineering have generated many nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical properties. Over the past decade, numerous nanomaterials are introduced into many research areas, such as sensors for environmental monitoring, food safety, point-ofcare diagnostics, and as transducers for solar energy transfer. Meanwhile, functional nucleic acids (FNAs), including nucleic acid enzymes, aptamers, and aptazymes, have attracted major attention from the biomedical community due to their unique target recognition and catalytic properties. Benefiting from the recent progress of molecular engine...

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Section: Molecular Engineering Of Aptamer‐based Nanomaterials Toward mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Molecular Engineering Of Aptamer‐based Nanomaterials Toward mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Engineering of Functional Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials toward In Vivo Applications

Zhang

Lan

2019

Adv Healthcare Materials

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“…Although, heteroquenched antibodybased targeted systems have not been demonstrated for PSs yet, a study by Obaid et al utilizing heteroquenched fluorophores, and achieving a ~9.8 fold increase in fluorescence signal, post-activation [204], can be adapted for PS-based fluorescence detection as well. More recent formulations of PSs, in homoquenched or heteroquenched state, involving the use of nanoconstructs have been reported [214][215][216]. These systems have shown promise in imaging tumors in several preclinical studies.…”

Section: Detection and Therapy Monitoring In Pdtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic therapy, priming and optical imaging: Potential co-conspirators in treatment design and optimization — a Thomas Dougherty Award for Excellence in PDT paper

Silva

Saad

Thomsen

et al. 2020

J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines

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Photodynamic therapy is a photochemistry-based approach, approved for the treatment of several malignant and non-malignant pathologies. It relies on the use of a non-toxic, light activatable chemical, photosensitizer, which preferentially accumulates in tissues/cells and, upon irradiation with the appropriate wavelength of light, confers cytotoxicity by generation of reactive molecular species. The preferential accumulation however is not universal and, depending on the anatomical site, the ratio of tumor to normal tissue may be reversed in favor of normal tissue. Under such circumstances, control of the volume of light illumination provides a second handle of selectivity. Singlet oxygen is the putative favorite reactive molecular species although other entities such as nitric oxide have been credibly implicated. Typically, most photosensitizers in current clinical use have a finite quantum yield of fluorescence which is exploited for surgery guidance and can also be incorporated for monitoring and treatment design. In addition, the photodynamic process alters the cellular, stromal, and/or vascular microenvironment transiently in a process termed photodynamic priming, making it more receptive to subsequent additional therapies including chemo- and immunotherapy. Thus, photodynamic priming may be considered as an enabling technology for the more commonly used frontline treatments. Recently, there has been an increase in the exploitation of the theranostic potential of photodynamic therapy in different preclinical and clinical settings with the use of new photosensitizer formulations and combinatorial therapeutic options. The emergence of nanomedicine has further added to the repertoire of photodynamic therapy’s potential and the convergence and co-evolution of these two exciting tools is expected to push the barriers of smart therapies, where such optical approaches might have a special niche. This review provides a perspective on current status of photodynamic therapy in anti-cancer and anti-microbial therapies and it suggests how evolving technologies combined with photochemically-initiated molecular processes may be exploited to become co-conspirators in optimization of treatment outcomes. We also project, at least for the short term, the direction that this modality may be taking in the near future.

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“…A report by Shen et al. presented an aptamer‐decorated nanoparticle . One type of aptamer served to target the particle to HeLa cells.…”

Section: Improving Ps Activation With Bio‐responsive Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Photosensitizer Activation Strategies for Smarter Photodynamic Therapy Beacons

2018

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical treatment in which a light‐absorbing drug called a photosensitizer (PS) is combined with light and molecular oxygen to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen. PDT provides additional tissue selectivity compared to conventional chemotherapy as singlet oxygen is generated only in areas in which PS accumulates and that are simultaneously illuminated by a light source with sufficient irradiance and dose. Early PDT beacons built on this concept by adding an analyte‐responsive element that simultaneously turns on PDT and fluorescence, providing both an additional layer of selectivity and real‐time feedback of the PS′s activation state. More recent PDT beacons have expanded this idea, with new methods now available for sensing analytes, generating singlet oxygen, and reporting treatment status. In this Minireview, we consider developments in advanced activation strategies implemented in therapeutic and theranostic beacons.

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ATP-Activatable Photosensitizer Enables Dual Fluorescence Imaging and Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Tumor

Cited by 92 publications

References 45 publications

Molecular Engineering of Functional Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials toward In Vivo Applications

Molecular Engineering of Functional Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials toward In Vivo Applications

Photodynamic therapy, priming and optical imaging: Potential co-conspirators in treatment design and optimization — a Thomas Dougherty Award for Excellence in PDT paper

Advanced Photosensitizer Activation Strategies for Smarter Photodynamic Therapy Beacons

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