AtPQT11, a P450 enzyme, detoxifies paraquat via N-demethylation

Huang, Yongping; Huang, Yueping; Xia, Jianjun; Fu, Zhou-Ping; Chen, Yifan; Huang, Yi-Peng; Ma, Aiyuan; Hou, Wentao; Yuxing, Chen; Qi, Xiaoquan; Gao, Liping; Xiang, Cheng‐Bin

doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2022.04.007

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In addition, cluster analysis results of LG31 and gar1-1 transcriptome DEGs suggested that OsARF18 may also be able to mediate glufosinate resistance by regulating other detoxification-related genes, such as CYP450 (CYP707A5, CYP94C1, CYP76M1, CYP94C4, CYP96B4, and CYP71Z6), glutathione S-transferase (GST3, TCHQD1, GSTU16), ABC transporters (ABCG14, ABCG40, PDR4, PDR5, and PDR18), and DTX49 (Figure 6A). Cytochrome P450s constitute one of the largest superfamilies, are widely present in almost all organisms and have been reported to 13/30 detoxify multiple herbicides by degradation, such as paraquat, tembotrione, bentazon, and nicosulfuron (Dimaano and Iwakami, 2021;Huang et al, 2022;Powles and Yu, 2010;Siminszky, 2006). ABC transporters or detoxification efflux carrier (DTX)/multidrug and toxic extrusion (MATE) transporters can transport a variety of substances (plant hormones, secondary metabolites and heterologous toxic compounds) and participate in multiple physiological processes (Dahuja et al, 2021;Hwang et al, 2016;Upadhyay et al, 2019).…”

Section: /30mentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss ofOsARF18confers glufosinate ammonium herbicide resistance in rice

Xia

Zhao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Weed is one of the major biotic stresses that causes severe loss of crop yield. Herbicide is one of the most cost-effective ways to control weeds. Thus, the development of herbicide-resistant crops is critical for the application of herbicides. To isolate new glufosinate ammonium resistance loci, we screened a rice ethyl methyl sulfonate-mutagenized library and obtained the glufosinate ammonium-resistant mutant gar1-1. GAR1 encodes auxin response factor 18 (OsARF18). A G-to-A substitution in the coding region of OsARF18 results in loss of function of OsARF18 and thereby enhances glufosinate ammonium resistance of gar1-1, which was confirmed by three additional CRISPR/Cas9-edited gar1 alleles. GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1;1 (OsGS1;1) and GLUTAMINE SYNTHETASE 1;2 (OsGS1;2) were upregulated in gar1-1 upon glufosinate ammonium treatment, directly contributing to increased GS activity that enhances glufosinate ammonium herbicide resistance. We further show that OsARF18 suppresses OsGS1;1 and OsGS1;2 expression. Comparative transcriptomic analyses reveal a huge shift in the gene expression profile involved in stress tolerance and growth. A large number of detoxification-related genes are enriched in gar1-1, which may also contribute to enhanced herbicide resistance. Moreover, stress tolerance-related genes are upregulated and growth-related genes are downregulated in gar1-1, consistent with the improved tolerance to salt and osmotic stress of gar1 mutants. Taken together, our study demonstrates that OsARF18 is a negative regulator of glufosinate ammonium resistance as well as salt and osmotic stress tolerance, suggesting a role in balancing the stress response and growth.

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Section: /30mentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss ofOsARF18confers glufosinate ammonium herbicide resistance in rice

Xia

Zhao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Paraquat (1,1 ′ -dimethyl-4,4 ′ -bipyridynium dichloride) is a photosystem I-electron diverting herbicide belonging to the bypyridilium or bipyridinium herbicide family [1,2]. It is a fast-acting, contact, post-emergence herbicide that offers broad-spectrum weed control [2][3][4]. Paraquat diverts electrons from photosystem I to form reactive oxygen species, primarily superoxide [2,5], which causes the oxidative degradation of lipids and cell desiccation or death [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The process involves demethylation (removing a methyl group from the paraquat ion). This is not surprising since CYP450s make up the biggest protein family and are known to demethylase and hydroxylase herbicides [3]. However, paraquat degradation has not been reported in ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) (see [11,12] for a full review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Translocation Confers Paraquat Resistance in Plantago lanceolata

Ndou,

Kotze,

Marjanovic-Painter

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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Ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) is a common weed in the winter rainfall region of South Africa. This weed is widespread across vineyards, orchards, and roadsides in the region. The weed has already evolved resistance to glyphosate and paraquat; however, the mechanism of paraquat resistance has not been documented. This study aimed to investigate the resistance mechanisms in this resistant (R) biotype. Dose–response trials conducted with R biotypes from the Robertson area reconfirmed paraquat resistance. Dose–response trials established that the paraquat rate causing 50% mortality (LD50) for the R biotype is three times greater than for the susceptible (S) biotype. To find out how paraquat affected the photosynthetic performance of P. lanceolata, the quantum yield of photosystem II was measured. The photosystem reaction centres of the R biotype recovered 24 h after paraquat treatment. To evaluate paraquat transport in the plant cell, selective transport inhibitors were applied. Plantago lanceolata (S) biotypes had the highest electrolyte leakage after paraquat treatment. A combined radio/UV-HPLC was used for the separation and identification of paraquat and its metabolites. Paraquat degradation was not observed, indicating that metabolism was not a resistance mechanism within the R biotype. To assess leaf absorption and translocation, [14C]-labelled paraquat was applied to fully expanded leaves. There were no significant differences in paraquat absorption. However, paraquat translocation differed significantly across the R and S biotypes, indicating that non-target site resistance through reduced paraquat translocation was the main mechanism of resistance in the R biotype. As the resistance of weed species to post-emergence herbicides continues to increase, achieving sustainable weed management necessitates the implementation of diversified weed control strategies.

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“…Studying plant resistance mechanisms to PQ not only helps to understand how weeds evolve herbicide resistance, but also promotes the understanding of plant antioxidant stress mechanisms. In Arabidopsis , a number of PQ-resistant mutants have been reported, including rmv1 (resistant to methyl viologen 1 ) ( Fujita et al, 2012 ), par1 (paraquat-resistant 1 ) ( Li et al, 2013 ), atpdr11 (pleiotropic drug resistance 11 ) ( Xi et al, 2012 ), rcd1 (radical-induced cell death 1 ) ( Fujibe et al, 2004 ), pst1 (photoautotrophic salt tolerance 1 ) ( Tsugane et al, 1999 ), par2 (paraquat-resistant 2 ) ( Chen et al, 2009 ), pqt3 (paraquat tolerance 3 ) ( Luo et al, 2016 ), dtx6 ( Lv et al, 2021 ; Xia et al, 2021 ), and atpqt11 (paraquat tolerance 11) ( Huang et al, 2022 ), and the mutant genes responsible for this resistance have been identified. The resistance mechanisms revealed so far have been classified into three types: impaired uptake and transport of PQ, enhanced sequestration of PQ, and enhanced ROS scavenging ability ( Nazish et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Paraquat in Arabidopsis Tissues and Protoplasts by UHPLC-MS/MS

Zhao¹,

Wang²,

Shi³

et al. 2023

BIO-PROTOCOL

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Paraquat is a cost-effective herbicide, widely used in many countries, that can induce severe oxidative stress in photosynthetic tissues. Studying plant herbicide resistance or antioxidant stress mechanisms requires determining the cellular paraquat level when plants are treated by paraquat. The traditional isotopic labeling method has the potential risk to cause problems to both human health and the environment. For radioisotope manipulation, special operation spaces and strict environmental inspection are also required. In addition, the radiolabeled paraquat is increasingly hard to buy due to the extended production cycle. Here, we describe a nonradioactive method to determine the paraquat level in a small number of Arabidopsis tissues or protoplasts, using a high resolution ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS method. This method is highly selective and sensitive, and more environmentally compatible and technically feasible than the isotope detection method.

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AtPQT11, a P450 enzyme, detoxifies paraquat via N-demethylation

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Loss ofOsARF18confers glufosinate ammonium herbicide resistance in rice

Loss ofOsARF18confers glufosinate ammonium herbicide resistance in rice

Reduced Translocation Confers Paraquat Resistance in Plantago lanceolata

Determination of Paraquat in Arabidopsis Tissues and Protoplasts by UHPLC-MS/MS

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