Atrial fibrillation and risk of dementia in non-demented elderly subjects with and without mild cognitive impairment

Forti, Paola; Maioli, Fabiola; Pisacane, Nicoletta; Rietti, Elisa; Montesi, Fausta; Ravaglia, Giovanni

doi:10.1179/016164106x130461

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The study demonstrated that the presence of AF was associated with cognitive and functional decline and increased the risk of dementia by 30% [6]. Forti et al reported that AF was not significantly associated with the occurrence of dementia in patients with normal cognitive functions at baseline [22].…”

Section: Atrial Fibrillation and Dementiamentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk and prediction of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation — A nationwide population-based cohort study

Liao

Chao

Liu

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

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Section: Atrial Fibrillation and Dementiamentioning

confidence: 96%

Risk and prediction of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation — A nationwide population-based cohort study

Liao

Chao

Liu

et al. 2015

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…[80] Atrial fibrillation also appears to involve a significant conversion to dementia in nondemented subjects whether or not cognitive impairment was present. [81,82] Many studies have shown that atrial fibrillation induces significant brain hypoperfusion [83] which can compromise the aging cerebrovasculature. Although the true mechanism that associates AF to cognitive impairment is unclear, a suspicion is that cerebral hypoperfusion may be triggered by the chronic arrhythmia that is present.…”

Section: Atrial Fibrillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Perfusion Enhancing Interventions: A New Strategy for the Prevention of Alzheimer Dementia

Torre

2016

Brain Pathology

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Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are major risk factors in the development of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). These cardio-cerebral disorders promote a variety of vascular risk factors which in the presence of advancing age are prone to markedly reduce cerebral perfusion and create a neuronal energy crisis. Long-term hypoperfusion of the brain evolves mainly from cardiac structural pathology and brain vascular insufficiency. Brain hypoperfusion in the elderly is strongly associated with the development of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and both conditions are presumed to be precursors of Alzheimer dementia. A therapeutic target to prevent or treat MCI and consequently reduce the incidence of AD aims to elevate cerebral perfusion using novel pharmacological agents. As reviewed here, the experimental pharmaca include the use of Rho kinase inhibitors, neurometabolic energy boosters, sirtuins and vascular growth factors. In addition, a compelling new technique in laser medicine called photobiomodulation is reviewed. Photobiomodulation is based on the use of low level laser therapy to stimulate mitochondrial energy production non-invasively in nerve cells. The use of novel pharmaca and photobiomodulation may become important tools in the treatment or prevention of cognitive decline that can lead to dementia.

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“…More physical activity 82 , low Body Mass Index (BMI) 27 or atrial fibrillation 83 predicted conversion from any type MCI to all cause dementia in clinical studies. "Antidementia drugs" reduced the risk of conversion from any type MCI to all cause dementia in a clinical 84 , but not in a higher quality epidemiological study 25 .…”

Section: Other Significant Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifiable Predictors of Dementia in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cooper¹,

Sommerlad²,

Lyketsos³

et al. 2015

AJP

449

314

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Objectives: Public health campaigns encouraging early help-seeking have increased rates of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) diagnosis in Western countries, but we know little about how to treat or prognosticate dementia outcomes in persons with MCI. Method: We searched electronic databases and references for longitudinal studies reporting potentially modifiable risk factors for incident dementia after MCI. Two authors independently evaluated study quality using a checklist. We meta-analysed findings from three or more studies. Results: We identified 76 eligible papers. Diabetes and prediabetes increased risk of conversion from amnestic MCI (aMCI) to Alzheimer's Dementia (AD); risk in treated versus untreated diabetes was lower in one study. Diabetes was also associated with increased risk of conversion from any type or non-amnestic MCI to all cause dementia. Metabolic syndrome and pre-diabetes predicted all cause dementia in people with aMCI and any type MCI respectively. Mediterranean diet decreased risk of conversion from aMCI to AD. Presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms or lower serum folate levels predicted conversion from any type MCI to all cause dementia, but less formal education did not. Depressive symptoms predicted conversion from any type MCI to dementia in epidemiological, but not clinical studies. Conclusions: Diabetes increased the risk of conversion to dementia. Other prognostic factors that are potentially manageable are pre-diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, neuropsychiatric symptoms and low dietary folate. Dietary interventions and interventions to reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms including depression, which increase conversion risk to dementia, may decrease incident dementia.

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Atrial fibrillation and risk of dementia in non-demented elderly subjects with and without mild cognitive impairment

Abstract: Current diagnostic criteria for MCI subtypes define heterogeneous populations, but atrial fibrillation can be useful in identifying people with increased risk of conversion to dementia.

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Risk and prediction of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation — A nationwide population-based cohort study

Risk and prediction of dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation — A nationwide population-based cohort study

Cerebral Perfusion Enhancing Interventions: A New Strategy for the Prevention of Alzheimer Dementia

Modifiable Predictors of Dementia in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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