Atropine 0.01% Eyedrops Significantly Reduce the Progression of Childhood Myopia

Clark, Tiana Y.; Clark, Robert A.

doi:10.1089/jop.2015.0043

Cited by 97 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Recent studies have supported the use of 0.01% atropine to treat childhood myopia. 7,8 This comparatively lower dose of atropine appears to retain its effectiveness for inhibiting myopia, and results in a reduced severity of side effects such as allergies, loss of accommodation, and rebound. Some of those treated with 0.01% atropine still complain of muscarinic receptor (mAChR) blockade-induced complications, including photophobia and blurred vision; however, those symptoms are not severe enough to prompt a discontinuation of treatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha_2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro

Carr

Mihara

Ramachandran

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Carr BJ, Mihara K, Ramachandran R, et al. Myopia-inhibiting concentrations of muscarinic receptor antagonists block activation of alpha 2A -adrenoceptors in vitro. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018;59:2778-2791. https://doi.org/10.1167 PURPOSE. Myopia is a refractive disorder that degrades vision. It can be treated with atropine, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist, but the mechanism is unknown. Atropine may block a-adrenoceptors at concentrations ‡0.1 mM, and another potent myopiainhibiting ligand, mamba toxin-3 (MT3), binds equally well to human mAChR M 4 and a 1A -and a 2A -adrenoceptors. We hypothesized that mAChR antagonists could inhibit myopia via a 2A -adrenoceptors, rather than mAChR M 4 . METHODS.Human mAChR M 4 (M 4 ), chicken mAChR M 4 (cM 4 ), or human a 2A -adrenergic receptor (hADRA2A) clones were cotransfected with CRE/promoter-luciferase (CRE-Luc; agonist-induced luminescence) and Renilla luciferase (RLuc; normalizing control) into human cells. Inhibition of normalized agonist-induced luminescence by antagonists (ATR: atropine; MT3; HIM: himbacine; PRZ: pirenzepine; TRP: tropicamide; OXY: oxyphenonium; QNB: 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate; DIC: dicyclomine; MEP: mepenzolate) was measured using the DualGlo Luciferase Assay System. RESULTS.Relative inhibitory potencies of mAChR antagonists at mAChR M 4 /cM 4 , from most to least potent, were QNB > OXY ‡ ATR > MEP > HIM > DIC > PRZ > TRP. MT3 was 563 less potent at cM 4 than at M 4 . Relative potencies of mAChR antagonists at hADRA2A, from most to least potent, were MT3 > HIM > ATR > OXY > PRZ > TRP > QNB > MEP; DIC did not antagonize.CONCLUSIONS. Muscarinic antagonists block hADRA2A signaling at concentrations comparable to those used to inhibit chick myopia ( ‡0.1 mM) in vivo. Relative potencies at hADRA2A, but not M 4 /cM 4 , correlate with reported abilities to inhibit chick form-deprivation myopia. mAChR antagonists might inhibit myopia via a 2 -adrenoceptors, instead of through the mAChR M 4 /cM 4 receptor subtype.

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confidence: 99%

Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha_2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro

Carr

Mihara

Ramachandran

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…[22–24] In the present study, the myopic progression, as measured by SE, and AL elongation, as measured by AL, were significantly reduced for participants in the intervention group than for those in the control group. These results indicate the promising efficacy of 0.5% ATE for myopia control in participants with LM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…A clinical trial used 0.01% ATE for the treatment of children with myopia, and found that it significantly decreased the rate of myopic progression over 1 year with minimal side effects. [22] However, such a low concentration (LC) of ATE may not control rapid myopic progression in some children. [22] Another study evaluated LC ATE (0.05–0.1%) for the treatment of school children with myopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[22] However, such a low concentration (LC) of ATE may not control rapid myopic progression in some children. [22] Another study evaluated LC ATE (0.05–0.1%) for the treatment of school children with myopia. [23] The results demonstrated that long-term and regular administration of LC ATE was effective in controlling the progression of myopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atropine 0.5% eyedrops for the treatment of children with low myopia

2017

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Background:This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of atropine 0.5% eyedrops (ATE) for the treatment of children with low myopia (LM).Methods:In this study, a total of 126 children with LM were randomly divided into an intervention group (administered 0.5% ATE) and a control group (administered a placebo), with 63 children in each group. The outcome measurements were changes in the spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL), as well as adverse events (AEs).Results:Compared with placebo, administration of 0.5% ATE led to less progression in LM, as measured by SE, and less increase in AL (P < .01). In addition, no serious AEs occurred in both the groups.Conclusion:About 0.5% ATE was efficacious and safe for controlling myopia in children with LM.

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“…Описана его высокая эффектив-ность в концентрации 0,01% в профилактике прогрес-сирования близорукости с минимизацией побочных эффектов [37,38].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

The Effectiveness of Different Optical Correction Methods in Children and Adolescents with Progressive Myopia Based on a Comparative Evaluation of the Accommodation and Axial Length of Eyes

Ситка¹,

Бодрова²,

Поздеева³

2018

Ophthalmology in Russia

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Objective: to determine optimal method of progressive myopia optical correction in children and adolescents.Patients and methods. Conducted 5-year prospective clinical and instrumental examination of 494 children with myopia using orthokeratology lenses, soft contact lenses and glasses. 61 children (the average age 11.7 ± 2.36 years) with myopia –2.87 ± 1.1 D and astigmatism –0.58 ± 0.27 D used orthokeratological lens. 92 children (the average age 12.8 ± 1.51 years) with myopia –3.66 ± 1.07 D, astigmatism –0.53 ± 0.18 D wore soft contact lens. 79 children (the average age 11.52 ± 1.78 years) with myopia –1.59 ± 1.08 D, astigmatism –0.71 ± 0.54 D used glasses with monofocal lenses, with full correction. The control group consisted of 249 children (the average age 9.1 ± 1.14 years) with initial emmetropia. Determination of refraction, subjective and objective determination of accommodation, and axial length of the eye (“IOL-master”) was conducted in children.Results. The maximum progression of myopia was observed in younger children (8–9 years). Correction of myopia with orthokeratology lenses (OKLs) was accompanied by the lowest dynamics of changes in axial length (axial elongation 0,44 ± 0,32 mm) compared to the correction with soft contact lenses (SCLs) (axial elongation 0,73 ± 0,36 mm), spectacle correction (axial elongation 1,39 ± 0,47 mm) and the control group (axial elongation 0,6 ± 0,41 mm). In all children with myopia, at the beginning of the study, there were reduced values reserve of relative accommodation and an objective accommodative response. Correction of myopia with OKLs (p = 0,0002) and SCLs (p = 0,036) provides the normalization of subjective and objective reserve indication of relative accommodation in both age group in comparison of spectacles correction.Conclusion. Correction with orthokeratology lens in children with progressive myopia contributes to the minimum growth length of the eye. Correction of myopia OKLs and MKL improves of subjective and objective indicators of relative accommodation reserve.

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Atropine 0.01% Eyedrops Significantly Reduce the Progression of Childhood Myopia

Cited by 97 publications

References 38 publications

Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha_2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro

Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha_2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro

Atropine 0.5% eyedrops for the treatment of children with low myopia

The Effectiveness of Different Optical Correction Methods in Children and Adolescents with Progressive Myopia Based on a Comparative Evaluation of the Accommodation and Axial Length of Eyes

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Atropine 0.01% Eyedrops Significantly Reduce the Progression of Childhood Myopia

Cited by 97 publications

References 38 publications

Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro

Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro

Atropine 0.5% eyedrops for the treatment of children with low myopia

The Effectiveness of Different Optical Correction Methods in Children and Adolescents with Progressive Myopia Based on a Comparative Evaluation of the Accommodation and Axial Length of Eyes

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Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha_2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro

Myopia-Inhibiting Concentrations of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists Block Activation of Alpha_2A-Adrenoceptors In Vitro