Attachment, adaptation and continuity

Ainsworth,; Grossmann,; Bretherton,; Main,; Waters, D. J.

doi:10.1016/s0163-6383(84)80069-7

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The theory presented here has direct implications for immediate adaptation, for long-term adaptation under various and changing circumstances, and for the mental health of individuals differing in quality of attachment (Ainsworth, 1984). In addition, it has implications for intervention and treatment in cases of maladaptation.…”

Section: Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Quality of attachment in the preschool years

1992

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This is a theoretical paper about differences in quality of attachment in preschool-aged children with emphasis on the development of the goal-corrected partnership. Inferences are made about the processes underlying preschoolers' attachment behavior. Specifically, the notion of quality of attachment is expanded to explicitly include strategy, regulation of affect, negotiation, secure base behavior, and response to maternal behavior. The classificatory system is expanded by adding two additional defended patterns, that is, compulsive caregiving and compulsive compliance, to the infant avoidant pattern. Furthermore, at the preschool age, the infant ambivalent pattern is identified as having a coercive strategy. In addition, the disorganized infant category is reconceptualized in terms of complex organization, reorganization, and disorganization. Finally, the process of generating new theories and hypotheses through a “participant observer” methodology is considered from the perspective of developmental psychopathology.

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Section: Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Quality of attachment in the preschool years

1992

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“…Attachment, per Bowlby, is a unique relationship between an infant and the caregiver that is the foundation for further healthy development. According to Ainsworth, 6 attachment is a “secure base from which to explore,” and this idea has since remained a fundamental principle of attachment theory. Focusing on the 5-core attachment needs, in ABT, therapists work primarily with fostered or adopted children whose difficulties and behavioral problems are ascribed to past maltreatment and suppressed rage resulting in an inability to “attach” to their new caregivers. Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapies : Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR 7 ): Developed at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center in the early 1980s by Jon Kabat-Zinn, MBSR is an 8-week intensive and evidence-based program that offers secular, intensive mind-body training that uses a combination of 3 formal techniques, that is, mindfulness meditation, body awareness, and Yoga postures, in addition to exploration of patterns of behavior, thinking, feeling, and action.…”

Section: Youth Psychotherapies: Various Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Youth Psychotherapies: Various Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychotherapies for the Youth: Evolution, Progress, and On Way to Eclecticism

Pradhan

Sahoo

2023

Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental H

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Psychotherapies for the youth have resulted from the confluence of 3 major disciplines: adult psychology and psychiatry, developmental neurology and pediatrics, and developmental psychology and ethology. Since their humble origins in the psychoanalytically oriented play therapy and the related theories in the pre-War Germany, over more than a century, they have embraced diverse theoretical views that include but not limited to the integration of developmental issues, evolution of the child guidance movement, and the various influences of institutional and social policies. Such a rich journey has eventually resulted in evidence-based practices (EBPs)—powerful interventions for children and families for complex behavioral problems. In this chapter, we attempt to trace the blooming field of youth psychotherapies in their historical contexts, provide an account of the existing gaps of knowledge, briefly narrate the modern-day developments, mostly regarding the multimodal/eclectic treatment aspects and finally, given their rapid growth, we speculate about their (positive) future. Child and adolescent therapies have progressed considerably, as reflected in the number of controlled studies, their methodological quality, and identification of evidence-based treatments. Despite the methodological difficulties in outcome studies, the field has witnessed major advances regarding the efficacy of selected treatments in child and adolescent psychotherapy and good quality meta-analyses do suggest that 75% of children and young people who attend therapy benefit from it. However, despite the comforting data related to efficacy, major challenges still remain, especially in regard to patient engagement and dropout rates, gap in knowledge about what works and why it works, cultural sensitivity, and data of cost- effectiveness—just to quote a few. Several key areas have been neglected in research, such as the mechanisms of change, the moderators of treatment outcome, and the generalizability of the research findings to the clinical practice arena—this has greatly limited what we know about treatment and partly explains the relative lack of personalized psychotherapies and scarcity in their dissemination/generalization despite the documented evidence on their efficacy. Tailoring treatment more specifically to each patient may be necessary to reduce this nonresponsiveness and dropping outs, as one treatment does not fit all. This necessitates the need for eclecticism—to combine youth psychotherapies with other modes of treatments, such as medications, neuromodulation interventions, and Yoga and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Future practice for treatment of mental health conditions in the youth will likely adapt to this huge need for development of eclectic modalities and also reflect cost effectiveness and cultural sensitivity to an increasingly diverse population.

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Compulsive compliance: The development of an inhibitory coping strategy in infancy

Crittenden

DiLalla

1988

J Abnorm Child Psychol

183

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This study explored the development of young children's behavioral strategies for coping with child abuse. It was hypothesized that infants exposed to the controllingness and harshness of interaction with an abusive mother would first learn to inhibit behavior disagreeable to the mother and later learn to comply with maternal demands. It was expected that this developmental change in abused children's behavior would be adaptive in the short term because it would reduce the probability of continued abuse. In the long term, however, compulsive compliance was expected to be maladaptive because it distorted the child's perception of, and response to, reality. In addition, it was hypothesized that the compliant behavior pattern would be used only with controlling interactants during the first 3 years of life. In other words, the descriptions of defensive patterns of behavior applied indiscriminantly by older abused children were not expected to apply to infants and toddlers. Both hypotheses were supported using data drawn from videotapes of mother-child and other adult-child interaction.

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Attachment, adaptation and continuity

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Quality of attachment in the preschool years

Quality of attachment in the preschool years

Psychotherapies for the Youth: Evolution, Progress, and On Way to Eclecticism

Compulsive compliance: The development of an inhibitory coping strategy in infancy

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