“…They found that the flows for stenosises had laminar characteristics and became turbulent through shear-layer instability under a strong adverse pressure gradient which was responsible for cellular dysfunction, leading to the development of atherosclerotic lesions [ 11 , 12 ]. The initial relaminarization of engineering applications was analyzed by Roback et al [ 13 ], who proposed a useful application of computational fluid dynamics capability to predict relaminarization. The dilation effect in relaminarization of a supersonic turbulent boundary layer was studied by Teramoto et al [ 14 ].…”