Attachment: the mediating role of hope, religiosity, and life satisfaction in older adults

Abstract

Background Attachment and support from family and friends are core to the experiences of ageing for older adults. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between attachment styles and hope, religiosity, and life satisfaction and provide new knowledge that may assist future planning for a rapidly ageing global population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 504 Iranian older adult participants from Qazvin province were recruited between December 2015 and April 2016. They completed a questionnaire that included the Revised Adult Attachment Scale, the Life Satisfaction Index-Z, and the Herth Hope Index. Results Participants in the study had a mean age of 66.20 years (SD: 5.76) and most of them were women (57.5%). A mediation model testing the direct relationships between attachment, hope, religiosity, and life satisfaction showed a positive relationship between close attachment and religiosity (β = .226, p < .001) and a negative relationship between anxiety attachment and religiosity (β = − .229, p < .001). Religiosity was positively related to hope (β = .384, p < .01) and hope was related to life satisfaction (β = .448, p < .001). Religiosity and hope mediated the relationship between close attachment (β = .119, p < .001) and anxiety attachment (β = − .056, p < .01) with life satisfaction. More specifically, while religiosity and hope fully mediated the relationship between close attachment and life satisfaction, they partially mediated the attachment anxiety-life satisfaction link. Conclusions Findings of the study provide insight into only a narrow perspective of life satisfaction and attachment given the many and varied variables that influence these constructs. Future research is needed whereby other related variables are introduced into the model to be examined further.

Psychosocial safety climate and supportive leadership as vital enhancers of personal hope and resilience during the COVID‐19 pandemic

“…The mediating role of personal hope was confirmed at both individual‐level between supportive leadership and personal resilience and cross‐level, between psychosocial safety climate and personal resilience. The results are in line with previous studies which showed the mediating effect of individual strengths such as hope between social supports and human attitudes and behaviours (Pahlevan Sharif et al., 2021; Zhou, et al., 2018). However, this study is the first to investigate and confirm that hope can not only be a key personal resource but can also transmit the effect of organizational resources such as PSC and SL on other crucial resources (in this study PH and PR).…”

Career Adaptability, Hope, and Life Satisfaction: an Analysis of Adults with and Without Substance Use Disorder

“…Duffy et al, 2015;Ginevra et al, 2017b;Di Maggio, et al, 2019). This finding suggests that considering oneself able to construct own future career intentions and to handle career transitions may favor the ability to plan the specific strategies to reach future goals and initiate and sustain the motivation for using those strategies, thus stimulating life satisfaction (Pahlevan Sharif et al, 2021;Scioli et al, 2011;Yaghoobzadeh et al, 2018).…”

“…For example, studies have highlighted that hope is associated with a wide range of indicators of psychosocial well-being, such as fewer behavioral problems, depressive symptoms, and higher levels of personal adaptation, adaptive achievement, and life satisfaction (Gilman et al, 2006;Kenny et al, 2010;Sheldon & Hoon, 2013). Regarding the latter, Yaghoobzadeh et al (2018) found that a person's ability to be hopefulness positively predicts life satisfaction, and more recently, Pahlevan Sharif et al (2021) found that hope, with religiosity, fully mediated the relationship between close attachment and life satisfaction in older adults.…”

Predictors of life satisfaction in elders living at home in the Czech Republic

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