Attacks on GPS Time Reliability

Designing of Jamming-Resistant Global Positioning System Receiver

“…Global Navigation Satellite System is a device to analyze the location, velocity and the time globally. The low level signal constructs the receivers to gather the satellite signals [12]. The Power Indication algorithm can be used to eliminate the jamming efficiently but with repeated spoofing method is implemented to design an anti-jamming device [13].…”

Vulnerability of Synchrophasor-Based WAMPAC Applications’ to Time Synchronization Spoofing

“…Reference [13] reports that the relatively weak GPS signals can be jammed by transmitting enough noise on the same frequency to overwhelm satellite signals. GPS spoofing tests conducted at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conclude that GPS receivers of commercially available PMUs can lock themselves to a spoofed GPS signal resulting in wrong calculation of phase angle by 70 degrees and thus, violate the TVE criteria specified by IEEE Std.…”

Impact of time-synchronization signal loss on PMU-based WAMPAC applications

“…Recent studies have shown that it is possible to launch a jamming attack targeted on a GPS receiver to block GPS signals [5] [6]. Similarly, time synchronization signal distribution using PTP is vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks leading to interruption of the transmission of these signals to the PMU.…”

“…It is therefore important to analyse Literature has shown the effect of loss of timesynchronization signals on synchrophasor-based offline applications and real-time monitoring applications e.g. voltage stability monitoring and fault location [5] [6]. However, the impact of time-synchronization signal loss on more timecritical applications, such as synchrophasor-based protection and feedback control, is still in its infancy.…”