Attempted Suicide and Social Class — Part I

Sendbuehler, J. M.; Bernstein, Jeff; Nemeth, G.

doi:10.1177/07067437720176s229

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A high Mf score associated with committed suicides has been found by other investigators (Sendbuehler et al, 1972;Simon and Gilberstadt, 1959;Simon & Lumry, 1970). Simon and Gilberstadt stated (1959, p. 556) that the elevation on the Mf scale in the mean profile of their suicide group could be interpreted as supporting the notion advanced by Finn (1955), on the basis of his clinical study of 20 soldiers, that a defect in psychosexual development with resulting narcissism and poor masculine identification are important variables also in the personalities of actual suicides.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

The MMPI as a suicide predictor.

Leonard¹

1977

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventories (MMPIs) of 36 patient suicides (20 males and 16 females) were compared with two matching control groups, one of 36 highly suicidal patients, the other of 36 nonsuicidal patients, each matched with the suicide group by age and sex. Female suicides differed significantly from all male groups and from both female control groups. Female suicides had higher Mf, Si, and Hy scores and lower K scores than the highsuicidal female controls, suggesting nondefensiveness, a more masculine interest pattern, social withdrawal, and denial and repression of inner needs and feelings. Male suicides were significantly differentiated from nonsuicidal males but not from the high-suicidal male controls. Nonsuicidal males had higher K and OH scores and lower Mf and D scores than the other two male groups, suggesting a more active, assertive, and self-protective stance. These differentiating patterns emerged from a population of voluntary psychiatric patients and would not necessarily be generalizable to other populations. The study emphasizes the necessity for knowing the population and the subgroups within; once these measures are taken, MMPI patterns appear to have usefulness in predicting suicide potential.The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) has been studied for some time as a possible predictor of suicide with encouraging results but with limited populations and an obvious need for further study (

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

The MMPI as a suicide predictor.

Leonard¹

1977

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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“…The Table shows that: 1) the sex ratios exhibited the predictable relationship (2 females to 1 male) when both groups (total of 34 patients) were combined (13); 2) 50 percent of this combined population had organic brain syndrome (OBS) compared with only 5–10 percent of the “normal” population over the age of 60 (4); 3) psychotic depressive and manic depressive patients taken as a whole were but a small proportion of the total number of depressive patients in the population, whereas they formed a larger proportion and constituted the bulk of this series (13, 16, 17); 4) OBS co‐existed with all the nosologic entities and was not restricted to any one group; 5) schizophrenia was a rare entity, occurring in only 1 patient, whereas it occurs in 20 percent of the general suicide‐attempt population (13); and 6) combined figures for repeaters showed that one‐third of the group had attempted suicide previously, which is a customary finding (12).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…We also noted “botched attempts.” OBS, it would seem, interferes with the success of any plan for suicide, even in cases of “serious” suicidal risk (18), the seriousness being determined by the fact that these persons are more influenced by internal motivation than by any environmental factors. There was little or no attempt at communication of their desire, e.g., no suicidal notes; the cry for help was “internal or delusional” (12). The attempt might even be denied in the face of obvious evidence!…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study involved two suicide‐attempt populations coming from two large Canadian cities, Montreal and Ottawa. The Montreal group was observed over a period of seven years and comprised part of a series of 222 consecutive suicide‐attempt patients admitted to a general hospital because they were in danger of dying (12, 13). The findings in this group were compared with those in the Ottawa group—which was observed two years later by one of the authors (S.G.) with the aim of establishing the relevance of some of the initial findings.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attempted Suicide Among the Aged

Sendbuehler

Goldstein

1977

J American Geriatrics Society

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Although the rate for suicide in old age is high, the rate for attempted (unsuccessful) suicide is low. Among the elderly, suicide-attempt groups have more physical disorders, more psychoses, and more psychopathologic findings, and are under-represented demographically. Fifty percent of the elderly suicide attempters have organic brain syndrome (OBS), compared to only 5-10 percent of the "normal" population over age 60. Among what might be expected to be a high-risk suicide population, OBS apparently interferes with the success of suicide attempts by impairing coordination, planning, determination, and awareness of reality.

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Psychological "Biopsy" in Self-Poisoning of Children and Adolescents

McIntire¹,

Angle²

1973

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med

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A "psychological biopsy" to assess suicidal intent was conducted by public health nurses on 50 subjects, ages 6 to 18, treated at a poison control center. The hospital diagnoses were accident in 42% and suicide attempt in 58%. After assessment, the diagnoses were accident in 4%, suicide gesture in 70%, suicide attempt in 2%, intoxication in 22%, and homicide in 2%.Prior suicide gestures had been made by 26% of the subjects. Extremes or divergence of parental expectations and control were found in 60%. A dominant pattern of hostility and low lethality of intent was associated with low parental control and low expectations as contrasted to a dominant depression in the high control-high expectations group. The authors propose a "rejection cycle" in which the parental response to the suicide gesture and to acting-out behavior favors recidivism.

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Attempted Suicide and Social Class — Part I

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

The MMPI as a suicide predictor.

The MMPI as a suicide predictor.

Attempted Suicide Among the Aged

Psychological "Biopsy" in Self-Poisoning of Children and Adolescents

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