Attention and interpretation cognitive bias change: A systematic review and meta-analysis of bias modification paradigms

Martinelli, Anne; Grüll, Jessica; Baum, Corinna

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2022.104180

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 200 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These results suggest that individual differences in wellbeing might arise when people develop unique but stable attentional strategies for sampling that external world. This is consistent with research showing that mood impacts visual attention (29, 135) and sensory attentional biases are associated with mental health and contribute to wellbeing (136, 137). This warrants expanding the initial framework presented here to include three general neurobiological contributions to individual differences in wellbeing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Individual differences in wellbeing are supported by separable sets of co-active self- and visual-attention-related brain networks

Ma,

Skipper

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

How does the brain support 'wellbeing'? Because it is a multidimensional construct, it is likely the product of multiple co-active brain networks that vary across individuals. This is perhaps why prior neuroimaging studies have found inconsistent anatomical associations with wellbeing. Furthermore, these used 'laboratory-style' or 'resting-state' methods not amenable to finding manifold networks. To address these issues, we had participants watch a full-length romantic comedy-drama film during functional magnetic resonance imaging. We hypothesised that individual differences in wellbeing measured before scanning would be correlated with individual differences in brain networks associated with 'embodied' and 'narrative' self-related processing. Indeed, searchlight spatial inter-participant representational similarity and subsequent analyses revealed seven sets of co-activated networks associated with individual differences in wellbeing. Two were 'embodied self' related, including brain regions associated with autonomic and affective processing. Three sets were 'narrative self' related, involving speech, language, and autobiographical memory related regions. Finally, two sets of visual-attention related networks emerged. These results suggest that the neurobiology of wellbeing in the real-world is supported by diverse but functionally definable and separable sets of networks. This has implications for psychotherapy where individualised interventions might target, e.g., neuroplasticity in language-related narrative over embodied self or visual-attentional related processes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Individual differences in wellbeing are supported by separable sets of co-active self- and visual-attention-related brain networks

Ma,

Skipper

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The most parsimonious explanation for these findings relates to the small to medium effect sizes found for the post-training group comparisons on the ERT (see also Salemink et al, 2022). Since the ERT is closely matched with the CBM-I training, i.e., its stimuli and operationalization, one would expect medium-to-large effects on this measure (for a recent meta-analysis, see Martinelli et al, 2022). However, since we did not find such effects, it seems unlikely to then find large effects on the SST, a task that is conceptually even further away from the training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Training Body-Related Interpretations on Panic-Related Cognitions and Symptoms

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Interpretation biases (IBs) are central in panic disorder, and there is rich evidence showing that these are correlated with and predictive of panic-relevant symptomatology. However, experimental studies are needed to examine the potential causal effects of IBs, as predicted by cognitive models. Methods Panic-related IBs were manipulated via a sentence-completion Cognitive Bias Modification-Interpretation (CBM-I) training. The sample included N = 112 healthy participants reporting moderate levels of fear of bodily sensations. Participants were randomly allocated to a positive, negative, or control CBM-I condition. To test the trainings’ effect on panic-relevant cognitive processing, IBs were assessed via proximal and distal measures. Symptom provocation tasks were applied to test transfer to panic-relevant symptomatology. Results Results on the proximal measure showed that positive CBM-I led to more positive IBs compared to negative, and control training. Further, positive CBM-I led to more positive IBs on the distal measure as compared to negative CBM-I. However, there were no differential training effects on panic-related symptomatology triggered via the provocation tasks. Conclusion The findings indicate a limited generalization of the effects of CBM-I on IBs and panic-related symptoms. Potential means to improve generalization, such as applying more nuanced measures and combining CBM-I with psychoeducation are discussed.

show abstract

“…The most parsimonious explanation for these findings relates to the small to medium effect sizes found for the post-training group comparisons on the ERT (see also Salemink et al, 2022). Since the ERT is closely matched with the CBM-I training, i.e., its stimuli and operationalization, one would expect medium-tolarge effects on this measure (for a recent meta-analysis, see Martinelli et al, 2022). However, since we did not find such effects, it seems unlikely to then find large effects on the SST, a task that is conceptually even further away from the training.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Training Body-Related Interpretations on Panic-Related Cognitions and Symptoms

Würtz¹,

Steinman²,

Blackwell³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Interpretation biases (IBs) are central in panic disorder (PD), and there is a great body of evidence showing that these are correlated with and predictive of panic-relevant symptomatology. However, experimental studies are needed to examine the potential causal effects of IBs on symptoms of PD predicted by cognitive models.Methods: Panic-related IBs were manipulated via a Cognitive Bias Modification-Interpretation (CBM-I) training. The sample included N=112 participants reporting moderate levels of fear of bodily sensations. Participants were randomly allocated to a positive, negative, or control CBM-I condition. To test the trainings’ effect on panic-relevant cognitive processing, IBs were assessed via proximal and distal measures. Symptom provocation tasks were applied to test transfer to panic-relevant symptomatology.Results: Results on the proximal measure showed that positive CBM-I led to more positive IBs compared to negative, and control training. Further, positive CBM-I led to more positive IBs on the distal measure as compared to negative CBM-I. However, there were no differential training effects on panic-related symptomatology triggered via the provocation tasks.Conclusions: The findings indicate that further research on the generalization of CBM-I on both IBs and panic-related symptoms is necessary to improve the applicability as a means to experimentally test causal hypotheses.

show abstract

Attention and interpretation cognitive bias change: A systematic review and meta-analysis of bias modification paradigms

Cited by 35 publications

References 200 publications

Individual differences in wellbeing are supported by separable sets of co-active self- and visual-attention-related brain networks

Individual differences in wellbeing are supported by separable sets of co-active self- and visual-attention-related brain networks

Effects of Training Body-Related Interpretations on Panic-Related Cognitions and Symptoms

Effects of Training Body-Related Interpretations on Panic-Related Cognitions and Symptoms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About