Attention can be subdivided into neurobiological components corresponding to distinct behavioral effects

Luo, Thomas Zhihao; Maunsell, John H. R.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1902286116

Cited by 40 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Visual attention can also be seen as a limited resource that can be shared between visual objects, spatial locations, or visual features (4,5). We need to bear in mind that even within top-down and bottom-up control modes, the term "selective attention" does not refer to a unitary mechanism (e.g., 6) and there is no sufficiently clear definition of visual attention to distinguish between what belongs to visual selection or to other cognitive constructs, such a decision-making (7). It is not clear, for instance, whether a choice bias induced by the presentation of a cue indicates visual selection or not.…”

Section: Introduction "Vision Is Knowing What Is Where By Looking" (1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual selective attention and the control of tracking eye movements: a critical review

Souto

Kerzel

2021

Journal of Neurophysiology

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People's eyes are directed at objects of interest with the aim of acquiring visual information. However, processing this information is constrained in capacity, requiring task-driven and salience-driven attentional mechanisms to select few among the many available objects. A wealth of behavioural and neurophysiological evidence has demonstrated that visual selection and motor selection of saccade targets rely on shared mechanisms. This coupling supports the premotor theory of visual attention put forth more than 30 years ago, postulating visual selection as a necessary stage in motor selection. We examine to which extent the coupling of visual and motor selection observed with saccades is replicated during ocular tracking. Ocular tracking combines catch-up saccades and smooth pursuit to foveate a moving object. We find evidence that ocular tracking requires visual selection of the speed and direction of the moving target, but the position of the motion signal may not coincide with the position of the pursuit target. Further, visual and motor selection can be spatially decoupled when pursuit is initiated (open-loop pursuit). We propose that a main function of coupled visual and motor selection is to serve the coordination of catch-up saccades and pursuit eye movements. A simple race-to-threshold model is proposed to explain the variable coupling of visual selection during pursuit, catch-up and regular saccades, while generating testable predictions. We discuss pending issues, such as disentangling visual selection from pre-attentive visual processing and response selection, and the pinpointing of visual selection mechanisms, which have begun to be addressed in the neurophysiological literature.

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Section: Introduction "Vision Is Knowing What Is Where By Looking" (1)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual selective attention and the control of tracking eye movements: a critical review

Souto

Kerzel

2021

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…This tendency to generalize about attention may arise because many of the behavioral consequences of attention covary and are difficult to discern. However, in the brain, attention-related changes in neuronal activity are observed in widespread structures, suggesting that attention results from subcomponents corresponding to distinct biological mechanisms (Luo & Maunsell, 2019). It is possible that exposure to childhood poverty affects some particular neural systems, or that some of these systems might be most amenable to change.…”

Section: Leverage a Culture That Values Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

How developmental neuroscience can help address the problem of child poverty

Pollak

Wolfe

2020

Dev Psychopathol

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Nearly 1 in 5 children in the United States lives in a household whose income is below the official federal poverty line, and more than 40% of children live in poor or near-poor households. Research on the effects of poverty on children's development has been a focus of study for many decades and is now increasing as we accumulate more evidence about the implications of poverty. The American Academy of Pediatrics recently added “Poverty and Child Health” to its Agenda for Children to recognize what has now been established as broad and enduring effects of poverty on child development. A recent addition to the field has been the application of neuroscience-based methods. Various techniques including neuroimaging, neuroendocrinology, cognitive psychophysiology, and epigenetics are beginning to document ways in which early experiences of living in poverty affect infant brain development. We discuss whether there are truly worthwhile reasons for adding neuroscience and related biological methods to study child poverty, and how might these perspectives help guide developmentally based and targeted interventions and policies for these children and their families.

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Section: ) Leverage a Culture That Values Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

How Developmental Neuroscience Can Help Address the Problem of Child Poverty

Pollak

Wolfe

2020

SSRN Journal

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Nearly 1 in 5 children in the United States lives in a household whose income is below the official federal poverty line, and more than 40% of children live in poor or near-poor households. Research on the effects of poverty on children's development has been a focus of study for many decades and is now increasing as we learn more about the implications of poverty for children. A recent addition to the study of the implications of poverty for children has been the application of neuroscience-based methods. Various techniques including neuroimaging, neuroendocrinology, cognitive psychophysiology, and epigenetics are beginning to document ways in which early experiences of living in poverty affect infant and child brain development. In this paper, we discuss whether there are truly worthwhile reasons for adding neuroscience and related biological methods to study child poverty, and how their use and the knowledge they produce, might help guide developmentally-based and targeted interventions and policies for these children and their families.

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Attention can be subdivided into neurobiological components corresponding to distinct behavioral effects

Cited by 40 publications

References 86 publications

Visual selective attention and the control of tracking eye movements: a critical review

Visual selective attention and the control of tracking eye movements: a critical review

How developmental neuroscience can help address the problem of child poverty

How Developmental Neuroscience Can Help Address the Problem of Child Poverty

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