Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity: A Critique

Prior, Margot; Sanson, Ann

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1986.tb01835.x

Cited by 86 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Some theorists have suggested that ADHD is an epiphenomenon associated with a variety of diagnoses including CD (Prior & Sanson, 1986). However, factor analyses have demonstrated that ADHD and CD are separate, though highly correlated, factors in clinical populations (Fergusson, Horwood, & Lloyd, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children with Sexual Behavior Problems and Their Caregivers: Demographics, Functioning, and Clinical Patterns

Gray¹,

Busconi²,

Houchens³

et al. 1997

Sex Abuse

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This article is the first report from a 5-year demonstration project examining the comparative efficacy of specialized and traditional treatments with children who have exhibited sexual behavior problems. Baseline data concerning the demographics, psychological adjustment, and victimization and perpetration histories of 72 6 to 12-year-old children who have engaged in sexual misbehavior are reported in this article. Information regarding the caregivers and extended families of these children is also presented. The data clearly demonstrate that families of children with sexual behavior problems are marked by an array of characteristics indicative of parental and familial distress, including high rates of (1) violence between parents; (2) sexual victimization and perpetration with the extended family; (3) physical abuse of the children who have exhibited sexual behavior problems; (4) children who have witnessed violence between their parents; (5) parental arrest; (6) denial of responsibility for perpetration of sexual abuse by members of the extended family; (7) poverty; (8) special educational services; (9) prior therapy for children; and (10) clinical scores on behavioral rating instruments. In particular, several significant differences emerged between younger children (6-9 years) and older children (10-12). Younger children had (1) been sexually and physically abused at an earlier age; (2) been more likely to have witnessed physical violence between parents; (3) performed problematic sexual behaviors at an earlier age; (4) a higher annual rate of problematic sexual behaviors; (5) had a higher percentage of hands-on sexual behaviors; and (6) had higher scores on measures indicative of sexual behavior problems (e.g., Child Sexual Behavior Inventory, Child Behavior Checklist -Sexual Problems Subscale).at DALHOUSIE UNIV on June 4, 2016 sax.sagepub.com Downloaded from 268 Based on these data, treatment recommendations are made for families containing children with sexual behavior problems. Given the extensive data suggesting parental characteristics that could serve as mediating variables in the sexual behavior problems of their children, effective intervention requires the involvement of the children's caregivers. The comparative efficacy of specialized and traditional treatments for these families will be reported in subsequent articles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children with Sexual Behavior Problems and Their Caregivers: Demographics, Functioning, and Clinical Patterns

Gray¹,

Busconi²,

Houchens³

et al. 1997

Sex Abuse

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“…Recently, several authors have suggested to define these instances of hyperactivity in terms of two classes of behavior: Inattention and Overactivity (Donnelly & Rapoport, 1985;Prior & Sanson, 1986). The behaviors that were considered within each class in this study are listed in Table I.…”

Section: Definition Of Target Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyperactivity and conduct disorder have been closely linked in a variety of ways (Prior & Sanson, 1986;Quay, 1985). In the present study, two children displayed conduct disorders in baseline; a decrease in the frequency of such disorders was reported during treatment.…”

Section: Correspondence Training and Hyperactivity/lsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of hyperactive children through correspondence training procedures: A preliminary study

Paniagua

1987

Behavioral Interventions

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This study examined the clinical effects of correspondence training procedures in the management of three hyperactive boys between the ages of seven and 10 years. Two subjects were intervened with the "reinforcement of corresponding reports" procedure: reports about the inhibition of hyperactivity (inattention and overactivity) were reinforced only if they corresponded with the actual inhibition of hyperactivity. The "reinforcement set up contingent upon promises" procedure was used with the third subject: the reinforcer was set up (or displayed) contingent on the patient's promises about the inhibition of hyperactivity in the immediate future, and delivered contingent upon fulfillment of the promise (actual inhibition of hyperactivity). These interventions were programmed in a multipie baseline design across two subjects and a multiple baseline design across two behaviors. A changing-criterion design was also used with all subjects: the nonoccurrence of hyperactivity had to be observed across a pre-established criterion level for the actual delivery of the reinforcer. Consistently higher levels of correspondence occurred during treatment, relative to baseline observations. The results also demonstrated the generalization and maintenance of treatment effects. The use of correspondence training as a potential alternative in the development of hyperactive children's self-control is discussed.

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“…Hyperactive children exhibit disabling learning and behavioural problems, pose great difficulties for their families and teachers, and are at risk for social and behavioural disturbances in adolescence and adulthood (Weiss & Hechtman, 1986). Despite much research, however, it is not clear whether hyperactivity is a valid diagnostic entity with characteristics that distinguish it from other psychopathological disorders of childhood Prior & Sanson, 1986). Efforts to define it continue on several fronts, including the broad category of family studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperactivity and Parental Psychopathology

Schachar¹,

Wachsmuth²

1990

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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The association of child hyperactivity and parental psychopathology was explored by establishing lifetime DSM-III diagnoses and histories of childhood hyperactivity among the parents of boys, aged 7-11 yrs, in five diagnostic groups: attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADDH), conduct disorder (CD), ADDH + CD, emotional disorder (ED) and no disorder (NC). These groups were differentiated by a family history of parental psychopathology or childhood hyperactivity. ADDH + CD, CD and ED groups all had significantly higher rates of parental psychopathology than the ADDH and NC groups, for which rates were similar. Significantly more boys in the ADDH, CD and ADDH + CD groups had family histories of parental childhood hyperactivity than did boys in the ED and NC groups.

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Attention Deficit Disorder With Hyperactivity: A Critique

Cited by 86 publications

References 81 publications

Children with Sexual Behavior Problems and Their Caregivers: Demographics, Functioning, and Clinical Patterns

Children with Sexual Behavior Problems and Their Caregivers: Demographics, Functioning, and Clinical Patterns

Management of hyperactive children through correspondence training procedures: A preliminary study

Hyperactivity and Parental Psychopathology

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