Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Subtypes, Co-Occurring Psychiatric Symptoms and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Adolescents Receiving Substance Abuse Treatment

Regan, Timothy; Tubman, Jonathan G.

doi:10.1080/10826084.2019.1657895

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Likewise, ADHD has been shown to be a stronger risk factor for alcohol-related diagnoses in girls than in boys. Both in adolescents with a clinical diagnosis and in those without a clinical diagnosis, but who screen positive for ADHD, the association to alcohol problems has been shown to be stronger in girls [ 57 ]. In girls and boys treated for SUDs in out-patient facilities, the picture has been clearer; self-reported mental health symptoms, as well as self-reported mental health disorders diagnosed, were significantly more common in girls than in boys [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and comorbidity in a Swedish adolescent community sample – gambling, gaming, substance use, and other psychiatric disorders

Gerdner

Håkansson

2022

BMC Psychiatry

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Background This study investigates a broad spectrum of psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, gambling, and internet gaming disorders in Swedish 18-year-old boys and girls with the aim of estimating the prevalence of disorders and comorbidity. Methods We used a two-phase design with screening to detect candidates for clinical interviews. Screening included 949 adolescents (55.6% girls), out of which 758 adolescents (57.0% girls) were selected for interview with at least one of four instruments: M.I.N.I., ADDIS, NODS and IGDS. Of these, 387 (61.2% girls) were interviewed. Gender separated prevalence was estimated on the assumption that those selected but not interviewed had the same distribution as those interviewed based on similar outcomes above screening cut-offs. Comorbidity between types of disorders was estimated on similar assumptions. In addition, comorbidity between dyads of the ten most common specified disorders was calculated based on recorded data without these assumptions. Results We estimated that 14.6% met the criteria of a substance use disorder (SUD), mostly concerning alcohol and more frequent in girls than in boys. Those meeting the criteria lifetime of at least one of 16 other psychiatric disorders were 26.7%, more than twice as frequent in girls compared to boys, and with depression being the most common disorder. Gambling and gaming disorders were found almost exclusively in boys, of which 5.8% met the criteria for gambling, and 2.3% for gaming disorders. Of girls with a SUD, 40% also had a psychiatric disorder, while on the other hand more than 28% of girls with a psychiatric disorder also had a SUD. In boys with a SUD, 22% had another psychiatric disorder, while 15% of those with a psychiatric disorder also had a SUD. Conclusions Psychiatric comorbidity is common in SUDs in adolescents, which calls for screening and diagnostic efforts in young patients presenting with symptoms of SUDs. Girls with SUDs are at higher risk of also suffering from psychiatric conditions. Gambling and gaming disorders appear in a substantial minority of adolescents and warrant further study of their comorbidity. Since prevalences and comorbidity were estimated on the assumptions mentioned, some caution in interpreting the results is needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and comorbidity in a Swedish adolescent community sample – gambling, gaming, substance use, and other psychiatric disorders

Gerdner

Håkansson

2022

BMC Psychiatry

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“…Current data indicate an ADHD prevalence of 21.5% in SUD populations [16]. However, there were many attempts to estimate the prevalence of ADHD among SUD populations over the last decades, with inconsistent data ranging from 5.22% [17] to 62% [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Populations: Meta-Analysis

Rohner

Gaspar²,

Philipsen³

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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(1) Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a persistent pattern of age-inappropriate levels of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity that results in functional impairment at work, education, or hobbies and affects family life, social contacts, and self-confidence. ADHD is a comorbid condition associated with a prognosis of severe substance use disorder (SUD) and the early onset of such. The aim of this meta-analysis was to obtain the best estimate of the prevalence of ADHD in SUD populations. (2) Methods: A literature research was conducted using PUBMED® and Web of Science®. The following search terms were used: [ADHD], [prevalence], and [substance use disorder]. RStudio® was used for meta-analysis methods. (3) Results: In total, 31 studies were included. We estimate the prevalence of ADHD among SUD patients at 21%.

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“…Previous studies have reported a 4%-12% ADHD incidence among children aged six to 12 years [ 6 - 7 ]. Other studies have reported an ADHD prevalence of 4%-8%, 7.6%-9.5%, 10a%-20%, and 29.7% in the US, Korea, India, and the UAE [ 7 - 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) enlists the criteria that are used for ADHD diagnosis [4]. ADHD diagnosis primarily depends on the information collected from the child's parents, school, and health professionals (if consulted), accompanied by an interview and an examination [5][6]. Previous studies have reported a 4%-12% ADHD incidence among children aged six to 12 years [6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ADHD diagnosis primarily depends on the information collected from the child's parents, school, and health professionals (if consulted), accompanied by an interview and an examination [5][6]. Previous studies have reported a 4%-12% ADHD incidence among children aged six to 12 years [6][7]. Other studies have reported an ADHD prevalence of 4%-8%, 7.6%-9.5%, 10a%-20%, and 29.7% in the US, Korea, India, and the UAE [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of Injuries Among Children Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Aseer Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia

Alqarni¹,

Shati²,

Alassiry³

et al. 2021

Cureus

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Background Globally, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurobehavioral disorder that affects children. In 2011, there was an ADHD diagnosis prevalence of around 8% among children (4-17 years) in the US. ADHD-affected children are more prone to physical injuries such as physical trauma, accidental poisoning, burns, etc. This study was aimed to evaluate the association of ADHD with severe injuries, the influence of age and gender on this association, and the impact of ADHD medications on the frequency of such injuries. Methodology This study was conducted in three governmental and three private settings in Aseer region. The files of children who were diagnosed with ADHD in the study settings were reviewed for a 12-month time period. Data were extracted from the medical files using a pre-structured data extraction sheet to avoid errors and inter-rater bias. The extracted data included child gender, age, duration of disease, and injury-related data. A brief questionnaire had been applied to mothers regarding mothers' attitudes towards injuries among their children, adherence to medications, as well as the reasons for non-adherence to medications and clinical visits in a non-adherent group during the clinic visit. Results One hundred and sixty-three children with a diagnosis of ADHD completed the study. The affected children were aged between two and 15 years (mean: 7.8 ± 2.9 years). An exact of 116 (71.2%) children were males. An exact of 70 (42.9%) affected children had trauma. The most-reported traumas were superficial injuries (84.3%), burns (48.6%), fractures (37.1%), deep injuries (31.4%), and broken or lost teeth (28.6%). About 52% of the children were adherent to medications and their clinical visits. Among the non-adherent group, the most reported reasons were parents’ care and attention (20.5%), followed by the COVID-19 pandemic and delay in visits times (16.7%). Regarding mothers' attitudes towards injuries among children with ADHD, 49.1% of the mothers agreed that there is an association between a child with ADHD and being traumatized while 22.7% said there was no relation. Conclusions In our cohort, the majority of the children with ADHD were boys at primary school age. Association of the history of the disease with trauma was not uncommon, and most injuries were not severe, but burns and deep injuries were reported among considered portions.

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Subtypes, Co-Occurring Psychiatric Symptoms and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Adolescents Receiving Substance Abuse Treatment

Cited by 10 publications

References 64 publications

Prevalence and comorbidity in a Swedish adolescent community sample – gambling, gaming, substance use, and other psychiatric disorders

Prevalence and comorbidity in a Swedish adolescent community sample – gambling, gaming, substance use, and other psychiatric disorders

Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among Substance Use Disorder (SUD) Populations: Meta-Analysis

Patterns of Injuries Among Children Diagnosed With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Aseer Region, Southwestern Saudi Arabia

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