Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as a risk factor for concussions in NCAA division-I athletes

Alosco, Michael L.; Fedor, Andrew; Gunstad, John

doi:10.3109/02699052.2014.887145

Cited by 88 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…53 In addition, previous retrospective work has demonstrated that children with ADHD and collegiate athletes with ADHD are more likely to self-report a history of concussion. 54,55 However, the fact that the effect sizes were generally equivalent for analyses with and without athletes with self-reported ADHD suggests that the observed differences in cortical thickness were not principally driven by ADHD. However, the interaction between ADHD, cortical thickness, and concussion history requires future investigation in larger sample sizes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Thinner Cortex in Collegiate Football Players With, but not Without, a Self-Reported History of Concussion

Meier

Bellgowan

Bergamino

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Emerging evidence suggests that a history of sports-related concussions can lead to long-term neuroanatomical changes. The extent to which similar changes are present in young athletes is undetermined at this time. Here, we tested the hypothesis that collegiate football athletes with (n = 25) and without (n = 24) a self-reported history of concussion would have cortical thickness differences and altered white matter integrity relative to healthy controls (n = 27) in frontotemporal regions that appear particularly susceptible to traumatic brain injury. Freesurfer software was used to estimate cortical thickness, fractional anisotropy was calculated in a priori white matter tracts, and behavior was assessed using a concussion behavioral battery. Groups did not differ in self-reported symptoms ( p > 0.10) or cognitive performance ( p > 0.10). Healthy controls reported significantly higher happiness levels than both football groups (all p < 0.01). Contrary to our hypothesis, no differences in fractional anisotropy were observed between our groups ( p > 0.10). However, football athletes with a history of concussion had significantly thinner cortex in the left anterior cingulate cortex, orbital frontal cortex, and medial superior frontal cortex relative to healthy controls ( p = 0.02, d = -0.69). Further, football athletes with a history of concussion had significantly thinner cortex in the right central sulcus and precentral gyrus relative to football athletes without a history of concussion ( p = 0.03, d = -0.71). No differences were observed between football athletes without a history of concussion and healthy controls. These results suggest that previous concussions, but not necessarily football exposure, may be associated with cortical thickness differences in collegiate football athletes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Thinner Cortex in Collegiate Football Players With, but not Without, a Self-Reported History of Concussion

Meier

Bellgowan

Bergamino

et al. 2016

Journal of Neurotrauma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, other research has addressed these issues (e.g., Gerber, Ginsberg, & Reift, 1992; Stack-Cutler, Parrila, Jokisaari, & Nurmi, 2013), which merit further research. Future research should also focus on other handicapping conditions affecting reading and writing in adolescents and young adults such as attention deficit disorder (Zuckerman, Lee, Odom, Solomon & Sills, 2013), mild head injuries (Beers, Goldstein, & Katz, 1994), and concussions (Alosco, Fedor, & Gunstad, 2014; Collins et al, 1999; Griffin, 2015; Covassin, Elbin, McAllister, & Whalen, 2014; Hunt, McCamey, & Beisner, 2010; Solomon & Haase, 2008). Future research should also address linking assessment to instruction for a variety of conditions affecting learning in adolescents and young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Assessment for Dyslexia in Adolescents and Young Adults

Nielsen

Abbott

Griffin

et al. 2016

LDMJ

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The same working memory and reading and writing achievement phenotypes (behavioral markers of genetic variants) validated in prior research with younger children and older adults in a multi-generational family genetics study of dyslexia were used to study 81 adolescent and young adults (ages 16 to 25) from that study. Dyslexia is impaired word reading and spelling skills below the population mean and ability to use oral language to express thinking. These working memory predictor measures were given and used to predict reading and writing achievement: Coding (storing and processing) heard and spoken words (phonological coding), read and written words (orthographic coding), base words and affixes (morphological coding), and accumulating words over time (syntax coding); Cross-Code Integration (phonological loop for linking phonological name and orthographic letter codes and orthographic loop for linking orthographic letter codes and finger sequencing codes), and Supervisory Attention (focused and switching attention and self-monitoring during written word finding). Multiple regressions showed that most predictors explained individual difference in at least one reading or writing outcome, but which predictors explained unique variance beyond shared variance depended on outcome. ANOVAs confirmed that research-supported criteria for dyslexia validated for younger children and their parents could be used to diagnose which adolescents and young adults did (n=31) or did not (n=50) meet research criteria for dyslexia. Findings are discussed in reference to the heterogeneity of phenotypes (behavioral markers of genetic variables) and their application to assessment for accommodations and ongoing instruction for adolescents and young adults with dyslexia.

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“…However, only one study in this review excluded subjects with prior history of headache . In addition, attention deficit‐hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may also lead to worsened outcomes . In prior research, ADHD was associated with about a 3 times prevalence of having had 3 or more concussions and learning disorder was associated with about a 2 times prevalence of having had 3 or more concussions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Therapies and Mind‐Body Interventions for Posttraumatic Headache and Post‐Concussive Symptoms: A Systematic Review

2018

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Background.-There are no clear guidelines on how to treat posttraumatic headache (PTH) or post-concussive symptoms (PCS). However, behavioral interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, and relaxation are Level-A evidencebased treatments for headache prevention. To understand how to develop and study further mind-body interventions (MBIs) and behavioral therapies for PTH and PCS, we developed the following question using the PICO framework: Are behavioral therapies and MBIs effective for treating PTH and PCS?Methods.-We conducted a systematic search of 3 databases (Medline, PsycINFO, and EMBASE) for behavioral interventions and MBIs with the subject headings and keywords for PTH, concussion, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inclusion criteria were (1) randomized controlled trials, (2) the majority of the intervention had to be behavioral or mind-body therapy focused, (3) the majority of the participants (>50%) had to have had a mild TBI (not a moderate or severe TBI), (4) published in a peer-reviewed publication, and (5) meeting pre-specified primary and/or secondary outcomes. Primary outcome(s): whether there was a significant change in concussion symptom severity (yes/no) based on the symptom severity checklist/scale used, whether there was a 50% reduction in headache days and/or disability; secondary outcome(s): sleep variables, cognitive complaints, depression, and anxiety. The search identified 917 individual studies. Two independent reviewers screened citations and full-text articles independently. Nineteen articles were pulled for full article review. Seven articles met the final inclusion criteria. The systematic review was registered in Prospero (CRD42017070072).Results.-Overall, there was vast heterogeneity across the studies, making it difficult to fully assess efficacy. The heterogeneity ranged from differences in patient populations, the timing of when the interventions were initiated, the types of intervention implemented, and the measures used to assess outcomes. Seven studies were identified as meeting final inclusion criteria, resulting in a total of 1108 adult participants ranging from 18 to 80. Sixty-nine percent were male. Of the 7 studies, 3 were focused on military staff (retired and active). Time post-injury for inclusion into the studies varied from 48 hours post-injury to more than 2 years post-injury. One of the 7 studies did not include time post-TBI in the inclusion criteria. Two studies recruited patients who had visited their emergency departments, 4 of the studies recruited subjects through outpatient referrals, and 1 study recruited patients who had been in a prior traffic accident with resulting chronic PTH directly from a headache center. Group cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) sessions and telephonic counseling or communication were common intervention methods used in the studies, with group CBT being used in 2 of the studies and telephonic counseling being used in 3. Other intervention methods used included individual CBT, cognitive training, psychoeducat...

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder as a risk factor for concussions in NCAA division-I athletes

Abstract: ADHD is prevalent in NCAA Division-I athletes and associated with history of past concussions. If replicated, these findings could have important implications in the prevention and management of concussions in athletes with ADHD.

Cited by 88 publications

References 17 publications

Thinner Cortex in Collegiate Football Players With, but not Without, a Self-Reported History of Concussion

Thinner Cortex in Collegiate Football Players With, but not Without, a Self-Reported History of Concussion

Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Assessment for Dyslexia in Adolescents and Young Adults

Behavioral Therapies and Mind‐Body Interventions for Posttraumatic Headache and Post‐Concussive Symptoms: A Systematic Review

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