Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in A Rural Area of Sohag Governorate

Background: ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Altered functional connectivity has been associated with ADHD symptoms. This study aimed to investigate abnormal changes in the functional connectivity of resting-state brain networks (RSNs) among children and adolescents with different subtypes of ADHD. Methods: This study was performed on 50 participants Group A: included 30 children and adolescents with ADHD Group B: included 20 normal typically developing controls. All participants aged between 7 and 16 years. All study patients. All participants underwent a neuropsychological assessment by applying the DSM-5 criteria to them. All study children and adolescents will undergo a R-fMRI examination, including Blood oxygenation level dependent BOLD-MRI and pulsed Arterial spin labeling MRI (PASL-MRI). Results: According to Conner’s Rating scale, there was a significant difference between ADHD subtypes and severity. Children with combined subtype were more likely to have severe degree in both teacher and parent editions of Conner’s Rating Scale. On the other hand, children with inattentive subtype had less severe degrees by both teacher and parent edition. There were a statistically significance difference between both genders as regard ADHD severity according to Conner’s Rating scale (Teacher and parent editions) (P value = 0.049, 0.028 respectively). Males were significantly affected by moderate and severe type compared to females whose affection were mostly mild and moderate. According to CBCL, most of ADHD children had low competence parameters. There was a statistically significant difference (P value < 0.001) on the type of ADHD and social competence in the studied children, where the lowest parameters were found in children with hyperactive type. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference on the type of ADHD and social competence, where the lowest parameters were found in children with hyperactive type.

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“…This finding is inconsistent with the work of [10] who showed a higher proportion of ADHD among urban resident than rural resident children.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

Functional Brain Network Connectivity Changes in Children and Adolescents with Attention- Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Resting-State Brain Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Younes

Haiba

Ali

et al. 2023

JAMMR

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“…This is accordance with several studies that showed a wide range of prevalence rates between 2% and 17% (9) . In Arab countries the reported rate was between (1.3% -34.5%), the worldwide prevalence rate of ADHD was 5.3% (4) . This consisted with the present study finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The reported rate in this study is a little lower than that reported by studies conducted in Egypt they reported that prevalence of ADHD 6.5% among 4223 school age children (10) , other study conducted in El-Minia city found that prevalence of ADHD were 6.9% among 1362 elementary school students (11) , and other study in (2014) found that 87(9.4%) students had a potential ADHD diagnosis among 925 student (12) , EL-Gendy et al conducted study in Al-Qalyubia Governorate in Egypt by they found that prevalence of ADHD was 21.8% based on the teacher's rating scale and 16.2% based on the parent's rating scale (13) , and study conducted in Sohag Governorate in Egypt by Ahmed in 2018 who found that prevalence rate of ADHD were 9.6% (4) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The age-specific information about the magnitude of ADHD is very important in low-income countries to frame appropriate treatment guidelines; even though there are many studies conducted on the prevalence and risk factors of childhood ADHD in developed countries (5) . There is a lack of studies on the prevalence of ADHD among elementary school children in the world (4) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder at Elementary Schools in Baghdad City

Adnan,

Rashak

2020

INJNS

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Objective(s): To determine the prevalence of ADHD among elementary school pupils; identify the association between pupil's level of ADHD and age, etc., and investigate the differences in pupils ADHD based on gender, and grade. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted on elementary school pupils. The study started from the period of 16th of September 2019 to the 1st of October 2020. A cluster sample of 800 pupils was selected. The questionnaire was constructed and developed and include two parts: the first part includes the pupil's general information and the second part includes scale of ADHD prevalence. Results: The results of the present study indicated that 38(4.75%) of elementary school pupils probable had ADHD. There is a statistically high significant association between ADHD and parents' education level, parenting, and family income. There is a statistically high significant difference in pupils’ ADHD among their gender, and grade. Recommendations: The study recommended increase the screening of ADHD among school-age children and start the process of intervention as early as possible in order to help children with ADHD, especially in the first grade. Also, there is the need to intensively educate teachers on ADHD and how they can manage these pupils.

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“…Other researchers from Egypt also reported associations between ADHD and factors like a low socioeconomic level, higher birth order, male gender, smoker fathers, consanguineous parents, family history of ADHD, low birth weight, artificially fed children, and pupils living with a single parent. (10,11) Other factors that have been found to have an association with ADHD include watching TV, cyanosis, and head trauma, being male, living with a single parent, childbirth order/rank, and low family socioeconomic status. (12) The current study revealed that the proportion of ADHD among primary school student was (14.2%).This agree with Adnan H in 2020 in Iraq-Hilla city revealed that the overall prevalence of ADHD in the study group was 14%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Primary School Students in Tikrit City, Iraq 2023

Mohamed,

Al-Deen,

Alanee

2023

MJTU

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The schools from which the student chosen were 6 governmental schools (3boys schools, and 3 girls schools) and 2 private mixed schools and the total sample was 400 student were selected randomly. Regarding students who included in the study, a list of questions and information will be taken from the direct teacher about the needed information as age and also questionnaire for the family was sent to fill the information related to ADHD and other general, medical and obstetrical history of the student. Data collection done through a questionnaire concerning personal and other socio-demographic information and taken from teachers and students family. Each involved student will be assessed by using a prepared questionnaire that contains the criteria for the diagnosis of ADHD, according to the American Psychiatric Association, Diagnosed and Statistical Manual of mental disorders DSM-5 Criteria for ADHD. The current study revealed that the proportion of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among primary school student was 57/400 (14.2%) and that the proportion of sub types of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were inattention disorder 27 (6.8%), Hyperactivity disorder 20 (5%), and combined form was 10 (2.5%). The frequency of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was most common at age 6-9 years; 32 cases (56.1%), most of cases were male 30 cases (52.6%), while female was 27 cases (47.4%).

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in A Rural Area of Sohag Governorate

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Functional Brain Network Connectivity Changes in Children and Adolescents with Attention- Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Resting-State Brain Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Functional Brain Network Connectivity Changes in Children and Adolescents with Attention- Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Resting-State Brain Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

Screening for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder at Elementary Schools in Baghdad City

Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Primary School Students in Tikrit City, Iraq 2023

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