Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Second Wave Conceptualization and Intervention

Decreased impulsiveness and MEG normalization after AI- digital therapy in ADHD children: a RCT

“…Statistically signi cant clusters of correlation between power ratio values and measures of impulsive and inattentive domains are presented in Table 5. For each cognitive outcome, the clusters p-value in alpha [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and beta [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] frequency bands are shown.…”

“…Pharmacological treatments use stimulant or non-stimulant medications according to the speci c ADHD symptoms. Non pharmacological treatments include several psychosocial therapies such as behavioral training of parents, classroom and peer interventions, cognitive behavior therapies including skill training, cognitive training and neurofeedback), and mindfulness 14,15 . Pharmacological treatments showed to be effective on the persistent ADHD symptoms and among the psychosocial treatments, behavioral parent, classroom and peer training, and skills training, have shown moderate improvement in ADHD symptoms [16][17][18] while the other psychosocial interventions, such as the mindfulness therapies, need more research in order to establish the e cacy.…”

Immersive virtual reality for improving cognitive deficits in children with ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…atomoxetine, guanfacine) medication, are recommended for persistent and significant ADHD symptoms. Regarding psychosocial interventions, there are different options available for children and adolescents with ADHD which could be grouped according to the three waves of cognitive-behaviour therapies (Canu and Hilton 2022 ). First wave behaviour therapies are represented by behavioural parent training, behavioural classroom interventions, and by behavioural peer interventions.…”

“…Unlike the first wave therapies that focus on contingency management, second wave interventions aim to identify and use cognitive restructuring in order to reduce comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders (cognitive-behaviour therapy) and train different abilities that can be applied to other settings. Third wave behaviour therapies are mindfulness and dialectical behaviour therapy; they aim to improve emotion regulation and cognition through meditation and acceptance (Canu and Hilton 2022 ). From all these interventions, behavioural parent training, behavioural classroom interventions, behavioural peer interventions, and organisational skills training, are associated with moderate improvement in ADHD symptoms (Bikic et al 2017 ; Evans et al 2018 ; Groenman et al 2022 ) while more research is needed in order to establish the efficacy of the other psychosocial interventions.…”