Attention distribuée et attention focalisée : les protocoles de la coopération au PCC de la ligne A du RER

Joseph, Isaac

doi:10.3406/sotra.1994.2195

Cited by 46 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…This activity is in most cases the main activity [8], provided that verbal interaction needs a certain level of attention. Note that the activity of a group of individuals can, in particular moments, attract the attention of other individuals, which means a short-term collective focusing on one activity [10]. Goffman calls this focusing "participation framework" [9].…”

Section: Previous and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic detection of interaction groups

Brdiczka

Maisonnasse

Reignier

2005

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces

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This paper addresses the problem of detecting interaction groups in an intelligent environment. To understand human activity, we need to identify human actors and their interpersonal links. An interaction group can be seen as basic entity, within which individuals collaborate in order to achieve a common goal. In this regard, the dynamic change of interaction group configuration, i.e. the split and merge of interaction groups, can be seen as indicator of new activities. Our approach takes speech activity detection of individuals forming interaction groups as input. A classical HMM-based approach learning different HMM for the different group configurations did not produce promising results. We propose an approach for detecting interaction group configurations based on the assumption that conversational turn taking is synchronized inside groups. The proposed detector is based on one HMM constructed upon conversational hypotheses. The approach shows good results and thus confirms our conversational hypotheses.

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Section: Previous and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic detection of interaction groups

Brdiczka

Maisonnasse

Reignier

2005

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces

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“…The problem becomes more complex when the subjects have to carry out a task, or are observed in complex settings (e.g., Engeström and Middleton 1996), such as workplaces, where tools and physical objects are an integral part of their activity. Workplace studies carried out in cockpits (Hutchins and Klausen 1996), undergrounds (Joseph 1994), hospitals (Grosjean and Lacoste 1999) and other firms (Trognon and Grusenmeyer 1997;Wenger 1998), raise challenging issues for psychologists, since they question the assumption that human cognition (or "intelligence") is an internal and individual property, and show that human cognition results from the interaction between a subject, Others, and physical objects and tools. This is an aspect which has been emphasized by Latour (1996) who introduced the notion of interobjectivity in order to challenge that of intersubjectivity.…”

Section: Tools As a Non-human Agencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction Analysis and Psychology: A Dialogical Perspective

Grossen

2009

Integr. psych. behav.

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Interaction analysis is not a prerogative of any discipline in social sciences. It has its own history within each disciplinary field and is related to specific research objects. From the standpoint of psychology, this article first draws upon a distinction between factorial and dialogical conceptions of interaction. It then briefly presents the basis of a dialogical approach in psychology and focuses upon four basic assumptions. Each of them is examined on a theoretical and on a methodological level with a leading question: to what extent is it possible to develop analytical tools that are fully coherent with dialogical assumptions? The conclusion stresses the difficulty of developing methodological tools that are fully consistent with dialogical assumptions and argues that there is an unavoidable tension between accounting for the complexity of an interaction and using methodological tools which necessarily "monologise" this complexity.

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“…À l'instar des contrôleurs de RER décrits par Isaac Joseph (1994), l'attention de la scripte oscille entre « attention distribuée et attention focalisée », exercice qui n'a rien d'évident : « Cette actrice, j'ai besoin de rien lui dire pour les raccords. Elle est tout le temps raccord !…”

Section: La Construction De La Vigilance Une Affaire De Mobilisationunclassified

Noter pour ajuster. Le travail de la scripte sur un plateau de tournage

Rot

2014

Sociologie du Travail

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RésuméLe tournage d'un film est caractérisé par la discontinuité des étapes de fabrication et la survenue de nombreux aléas, ainsi que par un foisonnement d'initiatives non programmées et l'émergence de controverses liées au tâtonnement créatif. C'est à la scripte qu'incombe la tâche de veiller à la « continuité du film », dont dépend la qualité du montage et la vraisemblance de ce qui sera projeté sur l'écran. Une intense activité scripturale lui incombe alors pour garder en mémoire les étapes de fabrication. Ces écrits sont la trace « utile » d'une activité complexe qui prend tout son sens dans le dense mais discret travail relationnel prolongeant l'activité scripturale. Nous montrerons en quoi, dans une organisation fragile comme celle du cinéma, la coopération au travail peut être pensée comme une activité métrologique d'ajustement participant à l'oeuvre de création.Mots clés : Organisation par projet ; Ajustement ; Cinéma ; Écrits ; Erreur ; Travail concret AbstractThe act of shooting a film is characterised by discontinuity in the production stages and numerous unpre-dictable events, as well as a host of unscheduled initiatives and the emergence of disputes arising from creative experiment. It is the task of the script supervisor to maintain the "film continuity", which governs the quality of the editing and the plausibility of the final screen product. This demands intense scripting activity to maintain a record of the production stages. These writings are the "effective" trace of a complex activity that achieves its full meaning in the dense but discreet relational work arising out of the scripting process. We will show how, in a fragile organization such as cinema, cooperation in work can be perceived as a metrological activity of adjustment that contributes to the creative process. Buchanan (1951) selon lequel la parcellisation toucherait, fait nouveau, le travail intellectuel et artistique, ils font l'hypothèse que la production cinématogra-phique n'échapperait pas à l'organisation du travail parcellisé dont G. Friedmann (1950) dénonçait déjà les effets délétères 1 . Ils évoquent cependant les limites d'une analyse qui rabattrait l'industrie du cinéma sur le modèle de l'industrie de série, telle l'automobile. Parce que la fabrication d'un film n'exige pas une immobilisation importante de capital, des formes d'organisation artisanales se développeraient tandis que les risques économiques inhérents à cette activité stimuleraient les partis pris créatifs audacieux susceptibles de séduire le public. Toutefois, à l'époque, les analyses de réception ont dominé les recherches en filmologie tandis que les sociologues du travail et des organisations privilégiaient l'étude des grandes bureaucraties industrielles ou administratives.Il faut attendre les années 1980 pour voir apparaître en France les prémices d'une sociologie du travail cinématographique avec les travaux de Yann Darré (1986) consacrés au cinéma d'auteur. L'intérêt pour l'organisation productive du cinéma est plus affirmé du coté des recherches a...

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Attention distribuée et attention focalisée : les protocoles de la coopération au PCC de la ligne A du RER

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Automatic detection of interaction groups

Automatic detection of interaction groups

Interaction Analysis and Psychology: A Dialogical Perspective

Noter pour ajuster. Le travail de la scripte sur un plateau de tournage

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