Attentional Control and other Executive Functions

Drigas, Athanasios; Karyotaki, Maria

doi:10.3991/ijet.v12i03.6587

Cited by 49 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It is easy to recognize that items of both instruments address the common behaviors seen in children with ADHD, revealing the deep interplay between cognitive and behavioral demands, as well the reciprocal relation between attentional control and (Drigas and Karyotaki, 2017). ADHD has been associated with a broad range of negative outcomes for affected subjects on academic, occupational, and (Miller et al, 2013), as well as being associated with other mental and substance use disorders, criminality, and unemployment (Jensen & Steinhausen, 2015), causing a serious financial burden to families and society, which characterizes it as a major public health problem (Nasol, Lindly, Chavez, & Zuckerman, 2019;Reus-Smit & Snidal, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties and clinical utility of the executive function inventory for children and adolescents: a large multistage populational study including children with ADHD

Arruda¹,

Arruda

Anunciação

2020

Applied Neuropsychology: Child

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Executive functions (EF) are a set of high order mental abilities that regulate cognition, emotions, and behavior. This study aims to report the construction and validation of a rating scale instrument for EF in children and adolescents aged from 5 to 18 years (EFICA), as well as to report the results of a comparison between children with ADHD and their peers without it. Thus, we conducted a population-based cross-sectional study relying on a sample composed of 3,284 typical children and adolescents accessed to study the psychometric properties of the parents' inventory (EFICA-P) and the teacher's inventory (EFICA-T) within a Structural Equation Modeling framework (SEM). Exploratory and confirmatory analyses were fitted, as well as the Cronbach's alpha and the McDonald's omega reliability indices. The known-groups method was carried out by independent Welch t-tests between untreated ADHD children and their peers. We concluded that the parents' inventory is composed of three dimensions (Cool Index 1, Cool Index 2, and Hot Index): v 2 (1,649) ¼ 4,607.852 p < .01, CFI ¼ .965, TLI .963, RMSEA ¼ .053, whereas the teachers inventory is composed of two dimensions (Cool Index and Hot Index): v 2 (1,273) ¼ 5,158.240, p < .01, CFI ¼ .991, TLI ¼ .991, RMSEA ¼ .077. The internal consistency of both inventories was >.9. Significant differences between the ADHD groups were found in all domains accessed. These findings indicate that both inventories have a high degree of validity regarding their internal structures, as well as supporting their clinical utility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties and clinical utility of the executive function inventory for children and adolescents: a large multistage populational study including children with ADHD

Arruda¹,

Arruda

Anunciação

2020

Applied Neuropsychology: Child

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“…Attentional control processes constitute the heart of the executive functions and include certain fundamental abilities that culminate in a state of mindfulness. Specifically, the aforementioned processes include the abilities to allocate attention towards internal and external stimuli in a most plausible way, to reach and maintain a state of vigilance, to focus attention for a prolonged period to visuo-spatial stimuli, to be flexible, to prioritize [28]. Attentional control is a prerequisite for emotional regulation as well as emotional awareness.…”

Section: Fourth Pillar Of Self-regulation: the Observation Procedures Brings Regulation Eases Of Thoughts And Emotions Relaxation Deepensmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Metacognition Based 8 Pillars Mindfulness Model and Training Strategies

Drigas

Mitsea

2020

Int. J. Recent Contrib. Eng. Sci. IT

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Oxidative stress, mental and mood disorders, premature ageing, cognitive impairments, learning disabilities are just some of the emerging threats of the 21st century. The next generation of educators, students, business leaders, employees, therapists, and parents are required to adapt in the era of rapid change and climate change developing new skills as well as adopting daily sustainable habits. An increasing number of studies are revealing the positive effects of mindfulness training in all dimensions of human existence bodily, emotionally, mentally, spiritually. Nevertheless, there is a research gap regarding the pillars of mindfulness. The present work proposes a mindfulness model based on the potential principles and the mechanisms of metacognition. Adopting a holistic self-development view, we present the fundamental pillars of mindfulness as well as their underlying operations. Each pillar is framed by a number of techniques that help us to cultivate certain metacognitive abilities and qualities, leading us gradually to the higher levels of self-organization, intelligence and consciousness. We highlight the positive effects of mindfulness training on anti-ageing, stress reduction, neuroplasticity, brain rewiring, hormonal homeostasis.

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“…For example, when we search for a birch tree leaf among other leaves on the pavement. Because attention control allows one to focus on a task and is involved in program selection, it is commonly listed among EFs (McCabe et al, 2010; Najdowski et al, 2014; Drigas and Karyotaki, 2017; also, see a more detailed discussion of this topic in the following section of the paper).…”

Section: Attentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behind the Scenes of Developmental Language Disorder: Time to Call Neuropsychology Back on Stage

Tomas

Vissers

2019

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Although the Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), also known as Specific Language Impairment in children has been the focus of unceasing scientific attention for decades, the nature and mechanisms of this disorder remain unclear. Most importantly, we still cannot reliably identify children requiring urgent intervention among other ‘late talkers’ at an early age and understand the high prevalence of comorbidity with psychiatric phenomena such as Autism Spectrum Disorder. One of the main reasons for this is the traditional ‘diagnosis-by-exclusion,’ resulting in heterogeneity of the DLD population. This paper proposes an alternative approach to the diagnosis, treatment and research of DLD, claiming that it is these children’s multiple deficits in neuropsychological development, which impede the spontaneous acquisition of their first language. Specifically, this review of the state-of-the-art in DLD research demonstrates deep and systematic interconnections between the speech and other higher cognitive functions developing in early childhood, including perception, attention and executive functions. In the proposed framework, speech is, therefore, considered as one of neuropsychological abilities, and the delay in its development is explained by other neuropsychological deficits, resulting in highly individual clinical profiles. By considering DLD as a complex neuropsychological syndrome, whose successful treatment depends on a holistic approach to diagnosis and intervention, we may significantly increase the efficacy of speech therapy, and also better understand the flexibility of the developing brain, its compensatory mechanisms and hence the comorbidity of DLD with psychiatric symptoms. Implications for using this paradigm in future scientific research are discussed.

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Attentional Control and other Executive Functions

Cited by 49 publications

References 12 publications

Psychometric properties and clinical utility of the executive function inventory for children and adolescents: a large multistage populational study including children with ADHD

Psychometric properties and clinical utility of the executive function inventory for children and adolescents: a large multistage populational study including children with ADHD

A Metacognition Based 8 Pillars Mindfulness Model and Training Strategies

Behind the Scenes of Developmental Language Disorder: Time to Call Neuropsychology Back on Stage

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