Attentional priming: recent insights and current controversies

Kristjánsson, Árni; Ásgeirsson, Árni Gunnar

doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.11.013

Cited by 73 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Behavioral priming can be elicited through feature-based facilitation of return in visual search under pop-out conditions. Previous work suggests that attentional priming mediates these changes (see Kristjansson and Asgeirsson 2018; Campana 2010 for review) as well as that frontal area FEF demonstrates neural correlates of these behavioral changes (Bichot and Schall 2002). Noninvasive electrophysiological measures demonstrate associated changes in activity over posterior regions of the brain (Eimer et al 2010), and a lesion study implicates visual cortex in priming (Walsh et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The mechanism underlying the behavioral improvements associated with priming of pop-out in visual search has been a matter of some debate in psychology (Kristjansson and Asgeirsson 2018;Kristjansson and Campana 2010). While there is psychophysical evidence suggesting that priming of pop-out is mediated by memory mechanisms (Hillstrom 2000;Huang et al 2004;Huang and Pashler 2005), electrophysiological evidence largely supports the idea that it is mediated through attentional priming (Bichot and Schall 2002;Eimer et al 2010).…”

Section: Evidence For Priming Of Pop-out As Attentional Primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The findings of this study further support the idea that priming of pop-out is mediated through attentional priming mechanisms as we found that attentional selection was speeded in V4 in this task. While it is possible that other cognitive phenomena may modulate as a function of priming in this task, such as performance monitoring (Westerberg et al 2020), they are likely secondary to the changes in attentional selection (Kristjansson and Asgeirsson 2018).…”

Section: Evidence For Priming Of Pop-out As Attentional Primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…inhibition of return; Bichot and Schall 2002;Fecteau and Munoz 2006;Klein 2000;Taylor and Klein 2000), albeit not in all instances (Fecteau and Munoz 2003;Maljkovic and Nakayama 1996). The neural mechanisms producing these behavioral changes is a matter of debate (Kristjansson and Asgeirsson 2018;Kristjansson and Campana 2010). However, investigation into the neural sources of priming in visual search has provided crucial evidence:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Priming of Attentional Selection in Macaque Visual Cortex: Feature-Based Facilitation and Location-Based Inhibition of Return

Westerberg

Maier

Schall

2020

eNeuro

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Visual search performance varies with stimulus and response history. Priming of pop-out refers to increased accuracy and reduced response time with repeated presentation of particular singleton and distractor features (e.g., a red target among green distractor stimuli), which are abruptly impaired when singleton and distractor features swap (e.g., green target among red distractors). Meanwhile, inhibition of return refers to slowing of response time when target location repeats. Neurophysiological correlates of both these phenomena have been reported in the frontal eye field (FEF), an area in the frontal lobe contributing to attentional selection and eye movement planning. To understand the mechanistic origin of these adaptive behaviors, we investigated visual cortical area V4, an area providing input to and receiving feedback from FEF, during feature-based priming of popout and location-based inhibition of return. Performing a color pop-out task, monkeys exhibited pronounced priming of pop-out and inhibition of return. Neural spiking from V4 revealed earlier target selection associated with priming of pop-out and delayed selection associated with inhibition of return. These results demonstrate substantial involvement of extrastriate visual cortex in behavioral priming and inhibition of return. Significance Statement Mid-level attention and visual processing is influenced by recent history of visual stimuli and gaze behavior. Using priming of pop-out visual search, we discovered that neural spiking in extrastriate visual area V4 shows speeded attentional selection when target and distractor features repeat and delayed selection when target location repeats. These neural processes paralleled but did not account for the magnitude of visual search performance changes with stimulus and response history. These new results improve our understanding of how recent experience influences attention and performance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Evidence For Priming Of Pop-out As Attentional Primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evidence For Priming Of Pop-out As Attentional Primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Priming of Attentional Selection in Macaque Visual Cortex: Feature-Based Facilitation and Location-Based Inhibition of Return

Westerberg

Maier

Schall

2020

eNeuro

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“…A theoretical question is what is causing the bias. The task design implies that the cues serve as predictive stimuli for possible outcomes, or as a kind of prime (Kristjánsson & Ásgeirsson, 2019), due to some form of learning process (Failing & Theeuwes, 2018). However, it is conceivable that the visual features of the cues themselves acquire salience, as opposed to the theoretically motivating idea that predictive mechanisms determining the outcome of attentional shifting would result in the bias (Gladwin & Figner, 2014;Gladwin, Figner, Crone, & Wiers, 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

Predictive attentional bias modification induces stimulus-evoked attentional bias for threat

2019

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Attentional Bias Modification (ABM) aims to modulate attentional biases, but questions remain about its efficacy and there may be new variants yet to explore. The current study tested effects of a novel version of ABM, predictive ABM (predABM), using visually neutral cues predicting the locations of future threatening and neutral stimuli that had a chance of appearing after a delay. Such effects could also help understand anticipatory attentional biases measured using cued Visual Probe Tasks. One hundred and two participants completed the experiment online. We tested whether training Towards Threat versus Away from Threat contingencies on the predABM would cause subsequent attentional biases towards versus away from threat versus neutral stimuli, respectively. Participants were randomly assigned and compared on attentional bias measured via a post-training Dot-Probe task. A significant difference was found between the attentional bias in the Towards Threat versus Away from Threat group. The training contingencies induced effects on bias in the expected direction, although the bias in each group separately did not reach significance. Stronger effects may require multiple training sessions. Nevertheless, the primary test confirmed the hypothesis, showing that the predABM is a potentially interesting variant of ABM. Theoretically, the results show that automatization may involve the process of selecting the outcome of a cognitive response, rather than a simple stimulus-response association. Training based on contingencies involving predicted stimuli affect subsequent attentional measures and could be of interest in future clinical studies.

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Feature Distribution Learning (FDL): A New Method for Studying Visual Ensembles Perception with Priming of Attention Shifts

Chetverikov

Hansmann-Roth

Tanrıkulu

et al. 2019

Spatial Learning and Attention Guidance

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Attentional priming: recent insights and current controversies

Cited by 73 publications

References 45 publications

Priming of Attentional Selection in Macaque Visual Cortex: Feature-Based Facilitation and Location-Based Inhibition of Return

Priming of Attentional Selection in Macaque Visual Cortex: Feature-Based Facilitation and Location-Based Inhibition of Return

Predictive attentional bias modification induces stimulus-evoked attentional bias for threat

Feature Distribution Learning (FDL): A New Method for Studying Visual Ensembles Perception with Priming of Attention Shifts

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