Attenuation of <i>P</i>‐ and <i>S</i>‐waves as a method of distinguishing gas and condensate from oil and water

Klimentos, Theodore

doi:10.1190/1.1443782

Cited by 158 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In out attenuation coefficient calculations we assumed that the acquisition frequency was 5 kHz. If instead 10 kHz was selected, the attenuation coefficient values would be twice those shown in Figure 6 and closer to those reported by Klimentos (1995).…”

Section: Attenuation At Partial Saturation -Synthetic Examplessupporting

confidence: 49%

“…The attenuation coefficient values shown in Figure 6b are smaller than those reported by Klimentos (1995) for a gas sandstone interval at about 30% water saturation ( α between 13 and 16 dB/m). One problem in matching the Klimentos (1995) measurements is that the exact parameters of his acquisition and rock properties have not been reported. In out attenuation coefficient calculations we assumed that the acquisition frequency was 5 kHz.…”

Section: Attenuation At Partial Saturation -Synthetic Examplescontrasting

confidence: 46%

“…The second example is for low-to-medium porosity gas sandstone, similar to that described in Klimentos (1995). We choose porosity 13%; dry-rock bulk density 2.3 g/cm 3 ; irreducible water saturation 0.15; and the dry-rock P-wave velocity 2.5 km/s.…”

Section: Attenuation At Partial Saturation -Synthetic Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Seismic Attenuation for Reservoir Characterization

Walls¹,

Taner²,

Mavko³

et al. 2002

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Section: Attenuation At Partial Saturation -Synthetic Examplessupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Attenuation At Partial Saturation -Synthetic Examplescontrasting

confidence: 46%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Seismic Attenuation for Reservoir Characterization

Walls¹,

Taner²,

Mavko³

et al. 2002

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“…Waves induced by fluid flow can lead to stratum absorption, which is the main causation of attenuation of seismic waves [10,11]. When seismic waves propagate through reservoirs, high-frequency energy waves decay more rapidly than low-frequency waves, which may lead to high-frequency energy loss and only conserve strong low-frequency energy [9,[12][13][14]. Some theoretical and practical studies have been carried out to verify this phenomenon by many scholars [9,[15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Precision Spectral Decomposition Method Based on VMD/CWT/FWEO for Hydrocarbon Detection in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2017

Energies

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Seismic time-frequency analysis methods can be used for hydrocarbon detection because of the phenomena of energy and abnormal attenuation of frequency when the seismic waves travel across reservoirs. A high-resolution method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), continuous-wavelet transform (CWT) and frequency-weighted energy operator (FWEO) is proposed for hydrocarbon detection in tight sandstone gas reservoirs. VMD can decompose seismic signals into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMF) in the frequency domain. In order to avoid meaningful frequency loss, the CWT method is used to obtain the time-frequency spectra of the selected IMFs. The energy separation algorithm based on FWEO can improve the resolution of time-frequency spectra and highlight abnormal energy, which is applied to track the instantaneous energy in the time-frequency spectra. The difference between the high-frequency section and low-frequency section acquired by applying the proposed method is utilized to detect hydrocarbons. Applications using the model and field data further demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively detect hydrocarbons in tight sandstone reservoirs, with good anti-noise performance. The newly-proposed method can be used as an analysis tool to detect hydrocarbons.

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“…Basically, this algorithm is applied to clastic rocks, where the aim is to differentiate the water-bearing zone from the hydrocarbon-bearing zone. Klimentos (1995) used three well data to gauge the P-and S-wave attenuation from sonic data using the spectral peak method. Due to P-and S-wave attenuation, a gas condensate in clean sandstone was marked with the Sw ranging from 25 to 30%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing fluid contacts by joint inversion of seismic P-wave impedance and velocity

Ali

Al-Shuhail

2017

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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In the past, seismic exploration technique was mainly used for gathering information about subsurface rock structures and fluids by analyzing the travel time, reflection amplitude, and phase variations. However, nowadays, many additional seismic attributes have been introduced by the seismic interpreters, which aid in the visualization of subsurface geological structures, facies, and lithologies. This research aims to identify the pore fluids in the reservoir using post-stacked seismic data without requiring well log data. Gassmann's equation, a well-known equation for fluid substitution, has been used for fluid substitution in this research. To test the proposed technique, a three-layer geological anticline model has been used. The third layer of the model represents a reservoir which is saturated with water, except its top part which is fully saturated with petroleum. Fluid identification is achieved by using fluid density, velocity changes, and acoustic impedance (AI). P-wave velocity and AI are measured from post-stacked seismic data and its inversion, from which the saturated rock density and compressional modulus (M) are calculated. Using this information, saturated rock density and compressional modulus are inverted for fluid velocity and density, respectively, to identify the pore fluid.

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Attenuation of P‐ and S‐waves as a method of distinguishing gas and condensate from oil and water

Cited by 158 publications

References 30 publications

Seismic Attenuation for Reservoir Characterization

Seismic Attenuation for Reservoir Characterization

High-Precision Spectral Decomposition Method Based on VMD/CWT/FWEO for Hydrocarbon Detection in Tight Sandstone Gas Reservoirs

Characterizing fluid contacts by joint inversion of seismic P-wave impedance and velocity

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