Attenuation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species with suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages by bark extract of Buchanania lanzan

Sekhar, Shailasree; Sampathkumara, K. K.; Niranjana, S. R.; Shetty, Shekar

doi:10.4103/0973-1296.153080

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…8c, e ) and others study suggests an increase in NO and ROS production in monocytes (primary response) and differentiated macrophage (Fig. 8d secondary response) in response to LPS and PMA 40 , 41 , . Interestingly, NADH-THP-1, ADH-THP-1, and adhered PBMC all of them show enhanced production of NO and ROS, in response to covering with agarose gel.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

3D micro-environment regulates NF-κβ dependent adhesion to induce monocyte differentiation

et al. 2018

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Differentiation of monocytes entails their relocation from blood to the tissue, hence accompanied by an altered physicochemical micro-environment. While the mechanism by which the biochemical make-up of the micro-environment induces differentiation is known, the fluid-like to gel-like transition in the physical micro-environment is not well understood. Monocytes maintain non-adherent state to prevent differentiation. We establish that irrespective of the chemical makeup, a 3D gel-like micro-environment induces a positive-feedback loop of adhesion-MAPK-NF-κβ activation to facilitate differentiation. In 2D fluid-like micro-environment, adhesion alone is capable of inducing differentiation via the same positive-feedback signaling. Chemical inducer treatment in fluid-like micro-environment, increases the propensity of monocyte adhesion via a brief pulse of p-MAPK. The adhesion subsequently elicit differentiation, establishing that adhesion is both necessary and sufficient to induce differentiation in 2D/3D micro-environment. MAPK, and NF-κβ being key molecules of multiple signaling pathways, we hypothesize that biochemically inert 3D gel-like micro-environment would also influence other cellular functions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

3D micro-environment regulates NF-κβ dependent adhesion to induce monocyte differentiation

et al. 2018

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“…There are substantial numbers of reports linking ROS production to inflammation and related diseases [ 26 , 37 ]. As such, the effects of S. pinnata and D. rotundifolia acetone extracts on the inhibition of ROS production were investigated in LPS induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the reported high antioxidant and antibacterial activities of D. rotundifolia and S. pinnata respectively [ 16 ] the anti-inflammatory activity assay of the two plants were investigated using the H 2 DCF-DA assay as described by Sekhar et al , [ 26 ] with slight modifications. This assay uses stimulants such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce oxidative stress and Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (H 2 DCF-DA) to detect the presence of reactive oxygen species..…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial interactions, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of four medicinal plant species

Kudumela

McGaw

Masoko

2018

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundThe constant emergence of antibiotic resistant species and the adverse side effects of synthetic drugs are threatening the efficacy of the drugs that are currently in use. This study was aimed at investigating the possible antibacterial interactions, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of selected medicinal plants based on their traditional usage.MethodsThe acetone extracts of four plant species were assessed independently and in combination for antibacterial activity using microdilution assay and the sum of the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) was calculated. The ability of Dombeya rotundifolia and Schkuhria pinnata extracts to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells was evaluated using Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA) assay to determine anti-inflammatory potential and the toxicity on African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.ResultsThe antibacterial efficacies of the different combinations of Schkuhria pinnata (A), Commelina africana (B), Dombeya rotundifolia (C) and Elephantorrhiza elephantina (D) plants varied from combination to combination. Synergistic effects were only exhibited against P. aeruginosa, while the antagonistic effects were only observed against E. coli. Both S. pinnata and D. rotundifolia demonstrated anti-inflammatory potential by inhibiting the production of ROS in a dose dependant manner. The cytotoxicity of the plants (LC50 values) ranged from < 25.0 to 466.1 μg/mL. S pinnata extract was the most toxic with the lowest LC50 value of < 25.0 μg/mL.ConclusionsThe synergistic interaction observed indicates that combinational therapy may improve biological activity. This report highlights the anti-inflammatory potential of S. pinnata and D. rotundifolia; which could be exploited in the search for anti-inflammatory agents. However, the cytotoxicity of S. pinnata highlights the importance of using this plant with caution.

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“…Activation of macrophages by LPS induces the rapid production of ROS as one of the immediate defense mechanisms of the host. Therefore, it plays a key role in the progression of the excessive inflammatory response, and its modulation has been identified as a key objective in the assessment of the anti-inflammatory activity of natural products [ 31 , 32 ]. To investigate the effect of HECC, HETK, and HEPS on LPS-induced ROS production, the levels of ROS were determined in THP-1 macrophages using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon stimulation these macrophages exhibit excessive accumulation of both NO and superoxide anion, whose interaction results in formation of toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) resulting in systemic inflammatory disorders. Thus, the inhibition of ROS production, iNOS, along with NO have been identified as therapeutic targets in screening of natural products [ 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Traditional Medicinal Plants Cuphea calophylla, Tibouchina kingii, and Pseudelephantopus spiralis Attenuate Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators

Ramírez-Atehortúa

Morales-Agudelo

Osorio

et al. 2018

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Aerial parts of Cuphea calophylla, Tibouchina kingii, and Pseudelephantopus spiralis have been used in Colombian traditional medicine for inflammation. However, the underlying mechanisms that could explain the anti-inflammatory actions remain unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extracts from C. calophylla (HECC), T. kingii (HETK), and P. spiralis (HEPS) in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were monitored as inflammatory and oxidative markers. The inhibition of lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) activities in a cell-free system were also investigated. Antioxidant activities were determined using standard in vitro methods. All extracts inhibited the NO, ROS, and MDA levels. HETK showed the highest ROS production inhibition and the highest antioxidant values, whereas HETK and HEPS significantly decreased the cytotoxicity mediated by LPS. The release of MDA was reduced significantly by all extracts. Moreover, the catalytic activity of LOX was inhibited by HECC and HETK. HECC was a more potent reducer of COX-2 activity. All extracts effectively suppressed COX-1 activity. In summary, these results suggest that HECC, HEPS, and HETK possess anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, these plants could provide a valuable source of natural bioactive compounds for the treatment of inflammatory-related diseases.

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Attenuation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species with suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages by bark extract of Buchanania lanzan

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

3D micro-environment regulates NF-κβ dependent adhesion to induce monocyte differentiation

3D micro-environment regulates NF-κβ dependent adhesion to induce monocyte differentiation

Antibacterial interactions, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of four medicinal plant species

The Traditional Medicinal Plants Cuphea calophylla, Tibouchina kingii, and Pseudelephantopus spiralis Attenuate Inflammatory and Oxidative Mediators

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