“…Furthermore, after combining the GNSS with real-time kinematics (RTK) [10], the GNSS/MEMS-INS integrated navigation system can still have sub-meter navigation accuracy when the GNSS signal outages in a short time. Therefore, it is very suitable for the application of vehicle navigation and wearable equipment, such as crewless micro aerial vehicles [11], land vehicle navigation (LVN) [12][13][14][15], mobile mapping systems [16], wearable sports equipment [17,18], and pedestrians [19,20]. In all these applications, an important common problem is the positioning accuracy and the power consumption performance of GNSS/MEMS-INS during the period of GNSS signal or not, which often occurs in different situations, such as boulevard, tunnels, overhead bridges, and urban streets.…”