Attitude face au risque &amp; Sciences économiques

Concina, Laura

doi:10.57071/337arf

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The expected utility theory originates from Bernoulli's postulate stating that the consequences of an event have a moral value or a utility greater than the monetary value for the economic agent in his decision-making (Olivero 2019). Based on precise axioms (comparability, transitivity, continuity, independence), was introduced two centuries later in economic theory by Von Neumann and Morgenstern, and dominated the decision-making modeling in risky situations (Chavas 2004;Concina 2014;Hardaker et al 2015). Abreha (2007) and Van Der Waal and Versluis (2017) showed that decision-making, whether it is the choice of the crop to produce or the quantity to produce, narrows down to the choice between different risky options given the decision maker's risk attitude.…”

Section: Risk Attitude Impacts Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating risk attitude impact on allocative efficiency under different plantain-based cropping systems: A latent factor model with instrumental variables

ABIOLA,

ADEGBOLA,

ZANDJANAKOU-TACHIN

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Plantain production is subject to risk, emerging from diverse sources. Consequently, risk modifies farmers behavior, affecting their decision making and thereby their future results. These choices are not only related to investments, crop to produce, and technology use but also to resource allocation. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of farmers’ risk attitude on allocative efficiency in plantain production. Primary data from 584 farmers, operating on 707 plots, selected through a four-level stratified random sampling was used. The study used the Latent factor models with instrumental variables to account for endogeneity and selection bias. We apply the causal inference methods to assess the impact of risk attitude on allocative efficiency. The result highlights a negative impact of risk attitude on the allocative efficiency. Compared to non-averse farmers, risk-averse farmers are less efficient. Also, as the level of risk aversion increases, the negative impact of risk aversion is more pronounced (-49.1% for extreme risk aversion). Furthermore, stronger impact of risk attitude regardless the level of risk aversion is found for the type 3 which stands for the intensive cropping system. The study provides empirical evidence of the extent of the impact of risk attitude on the allocative efficiency and confirms the heterogeneity of impact assumption. It also provides a useful insight into the key role risk attitude plays in productivity and efficiency in agriculture. These findings have critical policy implications and can help policymakers and practitioners make informed decisions and devise interventions to improve farmers allocative efficiency.

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Section: Risk Attitude Impacts Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating risk attitude impact on allocative efficiency under different plantain-based cropping systems: A latent factor model with instrumental variables

ABIOLA,

ADEGBOLA,

ZANDJANAKOU-TACHIN

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Une deuxième propriété importante de cette gestion des risques, son caractère collectif sera présentée dans la troisième partie. Ces caractéristiques démarquent l'approche ergonomique d'autres Regards --comme celui de l'économie par exemple [Concina 2014] -selon lesquels les attitudes et décisions face aux risques sont abordées de façon relativement statique et individuelle.…”

Section: Une Gestion Dynamique Des Situations à Risquesunclassified

Agir face aux risques, regard de l’ergonomie

Cuvelier¹

2016

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« À quel homme le travail doit-il être adapté ? » Si Wisner posait cette question en 1976, elle reste aujourd’hui encore d’actualité. Pour tenter d’y répondre, Lucie Cuvelier propose un Regard sur la sécurité industrielle : « Agir face aux risques, le regard de l’ergonomie » qui vise à éclairer les facteurs humains et organisationnels de la sécurité par le prisme de l’ergonomie. L’humain qu’elle décrit est un sujet interagissant dans un cadre collectif pour gérer des situations dynamiques. Charge à l’organisation de mettre en place les conditions qui assurent la performance et la sécurité du système tout autant que la construction de la santé des hommes et des femmes qui travaillent. Dans ce Regard, le lecteur mesure l’écart qui peut exister entre les potentialités humaines et un cadre organisationnel qui les utilise parfois à contre-emploi, se privant du bénéfice de leur développement.

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“…Tax policy is generally concerned with financing public expenditure in the most efficient and equitable way possible (Tanzi & Zee 2000); for that to happen, all economic agents must respond to tax policy in the intended way. The policy is often made with the assumption that economic agents are risk neutral, that risk preference is homogenous across all citizens and that social preferences are homogenous and generally acceptable (Concina 2014). This is a general assumption of rationality as per classical economic theory.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public finance in South Africa: Tax compliance and behavioural responses to tax increases

Mishi

Tshabalala

2023

Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review

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Background: Unfavourable macro-economic and socio-economic conditions have placed South Africa's economy in a difficult fiscal situation, with rapidly growing public debt and large government deficits. This compromises service delivery in all spheres of government. Aim: The study focused on assessing the level of tax compliance in South Africa and what factors explain the level of compliance. Setting: World Values Survey data on South Africa were used to assess the tax side of fiscal policy, how taxpayers' response to the policy affects compliance and what matters for compliance. Methods: Descriptive statistics and an ordered logistic model were employed on longitudinal data. The study used data from two waves, the first wave between the years 2005 and 2009 and the second wave between the years 2006 and 2016. Results:The study revealed that the perceptions, attitudes and behaviours of South African taxpayers have generally shifted from a society that values tax compliance to a nation that justifies tax evasion. The main factors that shape perception and behaviour towards tax compliance were found to be demographic factors, the level of confidence in the government and patriotism. Conclusion:The study recommends that cognitive and behavioural factors that shape taxpayers' choice to either comply with or evade tax need to be considered when designing and/or communicating the policy. In doing so, the framework will be well fitted into South Africa's unique socio-economic landscape, helping finance public service delivery. In summary, public service delivery needs to incorporate behavioural insights. Contribution:The significance of understanding human behaviour in public management planning, which is given less attention, has been found to be central.

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Attitude face au risque & Sciences économiques

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Estimating risk attitude impact on allocative efficiency under different plantain-based cropping systems: A latent factor model with instrumental variables

Estimating risk attitude impact on allocative efficiency under different plantain-based cropping systems: A latent factor model with instrumental variables

Agir face aux risques, regard de l’ergonomie

Public finance in South Africa: Tax compliance and behavioural responses to tax increases

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