Attitudes about community pharmacy access to HIV prevention medications in California

Koester, Kimberly A.; Saberi, Parya; Fuller, Shannon; Arnold, Emily; Steward, Wayne T.

doi:10.1016/j.japh.2020.06.005

Cited by 20 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Twenty-four empirical studies concerning pharmacist and patient perceptions of PrEP were identified (Table 1 ). The sample size of such studies ranged from 9 [ 44 ] to 7148 [ 45 ]. Fourteen studies contained primary observational data concerning practicing pharmacists’ and Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students’ knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of pharmacy-based PrEP interventions [ 44 , 46 – 55 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size of such studies ranged from 9 [ 44 ] to 7148 [ 45 ]. Fourteen studies contained primary observational data concerning practicing pharmacists’ and Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students’ knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes of pharmacy-based PrEP interventions [ 44 , 46 – 55 ]. Pharmacists and/or pharmacy students from all four of the U.S. Census Bureau regions were represented.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacists and/or pharmacy students from all four of the U.S. Census Bureau regions were represented. Eight studies measured practicing pharmacist knowledge of PrEP, and pharmacist familiarity with PrEP and CDC guidelines for PrEP eligibility varied across different regions of the U.S [ 44 , 47 – 50 , 56 – 58 ]. Five studies measured proportions of pharmacists with familiarity on PrEP and/or the CDC guidelines for PrEP; familiarity ranged from 42% in Nebraska and Iowa to 91% in New York [ 47 , 56 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pharmacy-Based Interventions to Increase Use of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) remains underutilized in the U.S. Since greater than 85% of PrEP prescriptions are filled at commercial pharmacies, pharmacists are uniquely positioned to increase PrEP use. This scoping review explores pharmacy-based initiatives to increase PrEP use. We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus for peer-reviewed studies on pharmacist-led interventions to increase PrEP use or pharmacy-based PrEP initiatives. Forty-nine articles were included in this review. Overall, studies demonstrated that patients expressed strong support for pharmacist prescription of PrEP. Three intervention designs compared changes in PrEP initiation or knowledge pre- and post-intervention. Commentary/review studies recommended PrEP training for pharmacists, policy changes to support pharmacist screening for HIV and PrEP prescription, and telemedicine to increase prescriptions. Pharmacists could play key roles in improving PrEP use in the U.S. Studies that assess improvements in PrEP use after interventions such as PrEP prescription, PrEP-specific training, and adherence monitoring by pharmacists are needed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacy-Based Interventions to Increase Use of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Scoping Review

et al. 2021

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“…14 In a qualitative case study assessing the attitudes of key pharmacy stakeholders toward PrEP and PEP furnishing, most agreed that community pharmacists are widely accessible providers, that PrEP and PEP furnishing protocols are similar to those for other preventive medications, and that policies that allow pharmacists to furnish could increase access. 15 Similarly, in a study assessing patient perspectives of PrEP furnishing, 100% of patients agreed or strongly agreed that having pharmacistprescribed PrEP would benefit their community, and 93.3% of patients agreed or strongly agreed they would feel comfortable seeking PrEP information or HIV testing from a pharmacist. 16 Previous research has found that pharmacist furnishing can increase access to other therapies, including hormonal contraception, naloxone, smoking cessation medications, vaccines, and syringes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17][18][19][20][21] Before 2019, pharmacists in California could furnish PrEP and PEP under a formal collaborative practice agreement (CPA) in which a medical provider and a pharmacist form a partnership. 15 Although this method is difficult to implement, it led community pharmacies to provide and expand access to PrEP/PEP. 22 As of 2020, PrEP and PEP services had been implemented in some community pharmacies and ambulatory care clinics.…”

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confidence: 99%

An observational survey assessing the extent of PrEP and PEP furnishing in San Francisco Bay Area pharmacies

Bellman¹,

Mohebbi²,

Nobahar³

et al. 2022

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association

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Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains prevalent in the United States despite medications that reduce the risk of infection, primarily pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). In 2019, California authorized pharmacists to furnish PrEP and PEP under Senate Bill 159 (SB-159). Objective: Assess implementation of SB159 in San Francisco Bay Area community and mailorder pharmacies. Methods: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional survey of independent community and mail-order pharmacies in the 9-county San Francisco Bay Area to identify those that were in the process of furnishing, actively furnished, or furnished under a collaborative practice agreement (CPA). We conducted interviews with furnishing pharmacies in April 2021, focusing on the barriers to and successes of implementation, as well as the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and qualitatively analyzed them. Results: Of the 209 pharmacies contacted, 6 furnished under SB-159 (2.9%), 2 were in the process of furnishing under SB-159, and 1 furnished under a CPA. Six pharmacies and 7 pharmacists were interviewed. Barriers to implementation and furnishing included COVID-19, laboratory tests, lack of time and staff, cost to pharmacy, refill limitation, lack of patient awareness, difficulty arranging follow-up care, and vague wording of the policy. Facilitators to implementation included collaborations with clinics and health centers, privacy, increased accessibility, increased need in the patient population, and the pharmacy culture. Conclusion: Barriers and facilitators to PrEP and PEP furnishing were consistent across pharmacies, suggesting strategies that could be replicated and potential improvements to SB-159.

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A survey of South Carolina pharmacists' readiness to prescribe human immunodeficiency virus pre‐exposure prophylaxis

Burns

Endres

Derrick

et al. 2023

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is largely underutilized in the Southern United States. Given their community presence, pharmacists are well positioned to provide PrEP within rural, Southern regions. However, pharmacists' readiness to prescribe PrEP in these communities remains unknown. Objective To determine the perceived feasibility and acceptability of prescribing PrEP by pharmacists in South Carolina (SC). Methods We distributed a 43‐question online descriptive survey through the University of South Carolina Kennedy Pharmacy Innovation Center's listserv of licensed SC pharmacists. We assessed pharmacists' comfort, knowledge, and readiness to provide PrEP. Results A total of 150 pharmacists responded to the survey. The majority were White (73%, n = 110), female (62%, n = 93), and non‐Hispanic (83%, n = 125). Pharmacists practiced in retail (25%, n = 37), hospital (22%, n = 33), independent (17%, n = 25), community (13%, n = 19), specialty (6%, n = 9), and academic settings (3%, n = 4); 11% (n = 17) practiced in rural locales. Pharmacists viewed PrEP as both effective (97%, n = 122/125) and beneficial (74% n = 97/131) for their clients. Many pharmacists reported being ready (60% n = 79/130) and willing (86% n = 111/129) to prescribe PrEP, although over half (62% n = 73/118) cited lack of PrEP knowledge as a barrier. Pharmacists described pharmacies as an appropriate location to prescribe PrEP (72% n = 97/134). Conclusions Most SC pharmacists surveyed considered PrEP to be effective and beneficial for individuals who frequent their pharmacy and are willing to prescribe this therapy if statewide statutes allow. Many felt that pharmacies are an appropriate location to prescribe PrEP but lack a complete understanding of required protocols to manage these patients. Further investigation into facilitators and barriers of pharmacy‐driven PrEP is needed to enhance utilization within communities.

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Attitudes about community pharmacy access to HIV prevention medications in California

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Pharmacy-Based Interventions to Increase Use of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Scoping Review

Pharmacy-Based Interventions to Increase Use of HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the United States: A Scoping Review

An observational survey assessing the extent of PrEP and PEP furnishing in San Francisco Bay Area pharmacies

A survey of South Carolina pharmacists' readiness to prescribe human immunodeficiency virus pre‐exposure prophylaxis

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