Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Among Hong Kong Chinese Social Work Students

Kwok, Diana K.; Wu, Joseph; Shardlow, Steven

doi:10.1080/10437797.2013.768493

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Beyond the gaps identified above related to these key populations, this review highlighted the opportunity for increased standardization across settings in measurement and methodologically sound validation. Given heightened interest in the well-being of key populations around the world, there has been translation – and some validation – of stigma scales in different linguistic contexts, including Chinese [ 95 – 103 ], Spanish [ 85 , 104 – 110 ], Turkish [ 111 – 115 ], Italian [ 106 , 116 – 118 ], and Hebrew [ 119 , 120 ]. Although increased stigma measurement across settings is an advance, there has been limited psychometric assessment of stigma metrics in many settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring stigma affecting sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM): A systematic review

et al. 2017

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BackgroundStigma involves discrediting a person or group based on a perceived attribute, behaviour or reputation associated with them. Sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) are key populations who are often at increased risk for the acquisition and transmission of HIV and who are affected by stigma that can negatively impact their health and well-being. Although stigma was included as an indicator in the US National HIV/AIDS Strategic Plan and there have been consultations focused on adding a stigma indicator within PEPFAR and the Global Fund in relation to potentiating HIV risks among key populations, there remains limited consensus on the appropriate measurement of SW- or MSM-associated stigma. Consequently, this systematic review summarizes studies using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods approaches to measure stigma affecting sex workers and men who have sex with men.Methods and findingsThis systematic review included English, French, and Spanish peer-reviewed research of any study design measuring SW- or MSM-associated stigma. Articles were published from January 1, 2004 to March 26, 2014 in PsycINFO, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, Global Health, and World Health Organization Global Health Library Regional Indexes.Of the 541 articles reviewed, the majority measured stigma toward MSM (over 97%), were conducted in North America, used quantitative methods, and focused on internalized stigma.ConclusionsWith the inclusion of addressing stigma in several domestic and international HIV strategies, there is a need to ensure the use of validated metrics for stigma. The field to date has completed limited measurement of stigma affecting sex workers, and limited measurement of stigma affecting MSM outside of higher income settings. Moving forward requires a concerted effort integrating validated metrics of stigma into health-related surveys and programs for key populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring stigma affecting sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM): A systematic review

et al. 2017

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“…Sample items include “Female homosexuality is a sin” and “Male homosexuality is a natural expression of sexuality in men” (reserve‐coded). The scale has been translated into traditional Chinese, and its psychometric properties have been tested in Hong Kong samples (Kwok, Wu, & Shardlow, ). Higher scores indicate higher levels of internalized domination.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liberating and Empowering Effects of Critical Reflection on Collective Action in LGBT and Cisgender Heterosexual Individuals

Chan

Mak

2019

American J of Comm Psychol

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Critical consciousness represents the transformation from a passive target of oppression to an active actor with an increased capacity to analyze and negotiate conditions of oppression. It is considered as an antidote for oppression that can liberate people from oppressive ideologies and empower them to resist social injustice. Building on the theory of critical consciousness and the Social Identity Model of Collective Action, this paper examined the liberating and empowering effects of critical reflection on collective action for minority rights. Results of a cross‐sectional study in 1,050 LGBT individuals (Study 1) showed that critical reflection was associated with lower levels of internalized oppression and higher levels of collective efficacy, which in turn were associated with greater intentions to undertake collective action for LGBT rights. Findings from a prospective longitudinal study in 428 cisgender heterosexual individuals (Study 2) indicated that critical reflection was associated with lower levels of internalized domination and heightened levels of efficacious beliefs, which positively predicted actual participation in collective action at a subsequent wave. The findings supported the effects of critical reflection on collective action mobilization and offered leads for future research and praxis on how to orient different sectors of society to work toward social equity.

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“…Kan et al (2009) recently reported that more than 25% of medical students at the University of Hong Kong responded positively to the statement: 'Homosexuality is a psychological disorder that requires therapy.' In a later study, data collected from 462 Chinese social work students at three Hong Kong universities showed students with Christian beliefs to generally hold negative attitudes towards lesbians and gays (Kwok et al 2013). It could be argued that the high prevalence of psychological distress, substance use, suicide and self-harm behaviour documented amongst LGB persons is at least in part the result of this historical medical neglect and stigmatisation (Darwich et al 2012;Hatzenbuehler and Keyes 2013;McDermott et al 2008).…”

Section: Lgb Mental Health and Social Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on same-sex sexualities and self-harm amongst service providers and teachers in Hong Kong

Tang

2014

Sex Education

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This research investigates the perspectives of service providers working with Chinese lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) youth in Hong Kong secondary schools, and maps the relations among same-sex sexualities, religion, education and self-harm. Sixteen service providers, including secondary school teachers, social workers based on and off school sites, and lesbian/transgender activists working in non-governmental organisations serving the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities, were subjected to in-depth interviews using a qualitative approach. In addition, extensive participant observation was carried out as part of fieldwork. A grounded theory approach was adopted to code the data, as themes emerged with each successive round of coding. The research findings highlightfour main themes: obstructive barriers to discussing sexuality at school; the effects of personal disinclination and religion; lesbian and gay youth being perceived as especially susceptible to self-harm; and the similarities in perceptions of self-harmers and LGB youth. The findings suggest that conservative religious beliefs at both the personal and structural levels act as a deterrent to providing counselling and mental health services that are supportive of LBG youth in Hong Kong.

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Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Among Hong Kong Chinese Social Work Students

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Measuring stigma affecting sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM): A systematic review

Measuring stigma affecting sex workers (SW) and men who have sex with men (MSM): A systematic review

Liberating and Empowering Effects of Critical Reflection on Collective Action in LGBT and Cisgender Heterosexual Individuals

Perspectives on same-sex sexualities and self-harm amongst service providers and teachers in Hong Kong

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