Attitudes toward the Elderly with CNS Trauma: A Cross-Sectional Study of Neuroscientists, Clinicians, and Allied-Health Professionals

Abstract

Despite the potential impact of ageist attitudes on outcomes of central nervous system (CNS)-injured patients, little has been reported on this issue. Given this, we sought to conduct a questionnaire-based survey to assess the attitudes toward the elderly among basic and clinical neuroscientists, clinicians, and allied-health professionals whose research or medical practice is focused on neurotrauma. We also reviewed all abstracts presented in the National Neurotrauma Symposia from 1984 to 2007 and identified previous studies on the potential effects of age/aging on outcomes. The Kogan's Old People (KOP) scale was used to assess attitudes toward elderly individuals among all members of the National Neurotrauma Society (NNS). Of the 504 registered members, 137 subjects completed the survey that was re-mailed for non-respondents 4 weeks apart. There were no significant differences between respondents of the first and second mailings regarding their demographic and professional profiles or regarding their responses. These results support the validity of our findings in spite of the relatively low mail survey response rate (27.2%). Female gender was significantly associated with more positive attitudes toward old people compared to males. Clinicians showed significantly fewer negative attitudes toward old people in comparison with basic and clinical neuroscientists. Of the 4,194 abstracts reviewed, we identified only 44 studies (1.05%) that were explicitly focused on the effects of aging/old age on neurotrauma. In conclusion, our questionnaire-based survey, which appears to be representative of the population of interest, recognized significant differences in the attitudes toward old people among various professional groups and between male and female professionals. These findings may reflect a lack of knowledge and misconceptions regarding the impact of aging and old age on outcomes after CNS trauma. Further research on the impact of aging on outcomes after neurotrauma is required. Moreover, knowledge translation and mobilization appears required to positively influence attitudes among neuroscience research and clinical professionals regarding the issues of neurotrauma and the elderly.

A Critical Review of Interventions Addressing Ageist Attitudes in Healthcare Professional Education

“…Some recent Canadian research indicated that different health care practice settings and whether a student or practitioner is male or female may also be factors in attitudes towards elderly persons (Furlan & Fehlings, 2009). This is of interest given that occupational therapy, a traditionally gendered profession, is seeing small but steady growth towards a more balanced representation of both men and women enrolled in training programs and, subsequently, in the profession.…”

Ageism in Current Practice: Experiences of Occupational Therapists

“…It has also been suggested that among health professionals, occupational therapists and their students hold more positive attitudes toward older adults compared with their colleagues and are not as influenced by societal negative attitudes with regard to clinical decision making (e.g., Giles, Paterson, Butler, & Stewart, 2002;Horowitz, Savino, & Krauss, 1999;Weir, 2004). However, recent publications suggest that ageism continues to exist (e.g., Furlan & Fehlings, 2009;Kane, Lacey, & Green, 2009;Phelan, 2008). Indeed, despite awareness of the need for increased capacity in geriatric medicine, medical students' negative stereotypic attitudes toward older people did not improve between 1986 and 1994 (Wilkinson & Ferraro, 2002).…”

Attitudes towards the older patients with spinal cord injury among registered nurses: a cross-sectional observational study

“…9 Ageism has been reported in different areas of medicine including Oncology, Critical Care Medicine and Cardiology, as well as in clinical research. 10 In our study, nurses working in the rehabilitation setting hold similar attitudes towards older people to individuals with SCI, whereas nurses working in the rehabilitation setting showed fewer negative attitudes towards older individuals than nurses working in the acute-SCI-care setting. The nurses' attitudes towards older people were also analyzed in two earlier studies that compared different settings.…”

“…Numerous investigations have suggested that women hold more positive attitudes towards older individuals than men. 10,13,16,18 However, two earlier studies reported that male and female health-care professionals or students did not significantly differ regarding their attitudes towards older people. 19,20 Our analysis did not include gender as a potential factor associated with the attitudes towards older people because all nurses who responded to the survey were women.…”