Attraction of the Green Lacewing Chrysoperla comanche (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to Yeast

Vitanović, Elda; Aldrich, Jeffrey R.; Winterton, Shaun L.; Boundy‐Mills, Kyria; Lopez, Julian M.; Zalom, Frank G.

doi:10.1007/s10886-019-01060-w

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Lachancea thermotolerans and its semiochemicals, respectively, also attract several species of North American yellowjackets (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) [54,55] and the green lacewing, Chrysoperla comanche (Stephens) [56]. When grown and aerated on grape juice agar, L. thermotolerans produced 20 odorants which, when field-tested as a synthetic blend, attracted Western yellowjackets, Vespula pensylvanica [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator,Culex pipiensL

Peach

Carroll

Meraj

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There is widespread interkingdom signalling between insects and microbes. For example, microbes found in floral nectar may modify its nutritional composition and produce odorants that alter the floral odor bouquet which may attract insect pollinators. Mosquitoes consume nectar and can pollinate flowers. We identified microbes isolated from nectar of common tansy, Tanacetum vulgare, elucidated the microbial odorants, and tested their ability to attract the common house mosquito, Culex pipiens. Results: We collected 18 microbial isolates from T. vulgare nectar, representing at least 12 different taxa which we identified with 16S or 26S rDNA sequencing as well as by biochemical and physiological tests. Three microorganisms (Lachancea thermotolerans, Micrococcus lactis, Micrococcus luteus) were grown on culture medium and tested in bioassays. Only the yeast L. thermotolerans grown on nectar, malt extract agar, or in synthetic nectar broth significantly attracted C. pipiens females. The odorant profile produced by L. thermotolerans varied with the nutritional composition of the culture medium. Surprisingly, all three microbes grown separately, but presented concurrently, attracted fewer C. pipiens females than L. thermotolerans by itself. Conclusions: Floral nectar of T. vulgare contains various microbes whose odorants contribute to the odor profile of inflorescences. In addition, L. thermotolerans produced odorants that attract Cx. pipiens females. As the odor profile of L. thermotolerans varied with the composition of the culture medium, we hypothesize that microbe odorants inform nectar-foraging mosquitoes about the availability of certain macro-nutrients which, in turn, affect foraging decisions by mosquitoes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator,Culex pipiensL

Peach

Carroll

Meraj

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Needle-shaped ascospores, which are frequently found in the Metschnikowia clade, promote dispersal by flower-visiting flies, beetles, and bees. Yeasts, on the other hand, provide nutritional services to insect larvae and adults (26, 27, 30, 31, 33, 40, 75–78).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeast Volatomes Differentially Affect Larval Feeding in an Insect Herbivore

Ljunggren

Borrero‐Echeverry

Chakraborty

et al. 2019

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Yeasts interface insect herbivores with their food plants. Communication depends on volatile metabolites, and decoding this chemical dialogue is key to understanding the ecology of insect-yeast interactions. This study explores the volatomes of eight yeast species which have been isolated from foliage, from flowers or fruit, and from plant-feeding insects. These yeasts each release a rich bouquet of volatile metabolites, including a suite of known insect attractants from plant and floral scent. This overlap underlines the phylogenetic dimension of insect-yeast associations, which according to the fossil record long predate the appearance of flowering plants. Volatome composition is characteristic for each species, aligns with yeast taxonomy, and is further reflected by a differential behavioral response of cotton leafworm larvae, which naturally feed on foliage of a wide spectrum of broad-leaved plants. Larval discrimination may establish and maintain associations with yeasts and is also a substrate for designing sustainable insect management techniques.

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“…Needle-shaped ascospores, which are frequently found in the Metschnikowia clade, promote dispersal by flower-visiting flies, beetles and bees. Yeasts, on the other hand, provide nutritional services to insect larvae and adults (26, 27, 30, 31, 33, 40, 75-78).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeast volatomes differentially effect larval feeding in an insect herbivore

Ljunggren

Borrero‐Echeverry

Chakraborty

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Yeasts form mutualistic interactions with insects. Hallmarks of this 24 interaction include provision of essential nutrients, while insects facilitate yeast 25 dispersal and growth on plant substrates. A phylogenetically ancient, chemical 26 dialogue coordinates this interaction, where the vocabulary, the volatile chemicals 27 that mediate the insect response, remains largely unknown. Here, we employed gas 28 chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), followed by hierarchical cluster 29 (HCA) and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), to 30 profile the volatomes of six Metschnikowia spp., Cryptococcus nemorosus and 31 brewer's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yeasts, which are all found in 32 association with insects feeding on foliage or fruit, emit characteristic, species-33 specific volatile blends that reflect the phylogenetic context. Species-specificity of 34 these volatome profiles aligned with differential feeding of cotton leafworm larvae 35 Spodoptera littoralis on these yeasts. Bioactivity correlates with yeast ecology; 36 phylloplane species elicited a stronger response than fruit yeasts, and larval 37 discrimination may provide a mechanism for establishment of insect-yeast 38 associations. The yeast volatomes contained a suite of insect attractants known from 39 plant and especially floral headspace, including (Z)-hexenyl acetate, ethyl (2E,4Z)-40 deca-2,4-dienoate (pear ester), (3E)-4,8-dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (DMNT), linalool, 41 α-terpineol, β-myrcene or (E,E)-a-farnesene. A wide overlap of yeast and plant 42 volatiles, notably floral scents further emphasizes the prominent role of yeasts in 43 plant-microbe-insect relationships including pollination. The knowledge of insect-44 Ljunggren et al. -p. 3 yeast interactions can be readily brought to practical application, live yeasts or yeast 45 metabolites mediating insect attraction provide an ample toolbox for the 46 development of sustainable insect management. 47 IMPORTANCE Yeasts interface insect herbivores with their food plants. 48 Communication depends on volatile metabolites, and decoding this chemical 49 dialogue is key to understanding the ecology of insect-yeast interactions. This study 50 explores the volatomes of eight yeast species which have been isolated from foliage, 51 flowers or fruit, and from plant-feeding insects. They each release a rich bouquet of 52 volatile metabolites, including a suite of known insect attractants from plant and 53 floral scent. This overlap underlines the phylogenetic dimension of insect-yeast 54 associations, which according to the fossil record, long predate the appearance of 55 flowering plants. Volatome composition is characteristic for each species, aligns with 56 yeast taxonomy, and is further reflected by a differential behavioural response of 57 cotton leafworm larvae, which naturally feed on foliage of a wide spectrum of broad-58 leaved plants. Larval discrimination may establish and maintain associations with 59 yeasts and is also a substrate for designing sustainabl...

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Attraction of the Green Lacewing Chrysoperla comanche (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to Yeast

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator,Culex pipiensL

Nectar-dwelling microbes of common tansy are attractive to its mosquito pollinator,Culex pipiensL

Yeast Volatomes Differentially Affect Larval Feeding in an Insect Herbivore

Yeast volatomes differentially effect larval feeding in an insect herbivore

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