“…Tephritid fruit flies are among the most economically important group of fruit flies attacking horticultural crops (Billah et al, 2008;Goergen, Vayssières, Gnanvossou, & Tindo, 2011;Mau, Martin-Kessing, & Diez, 2007;Vayssières, Kori, Coulibaly, Temple, & Boueyi, 2008;Wharton, 1989). There are approximately 4,000 known/described species of fruit flies in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of the world, out of which 200 species are the most damaging on fruit and vegetable crops (Bharathi, Sathiyanandam, & David, 2004;Clarke et al, 2005;Ekesi, De Meyer, Mohamed, Virgilio, & Borgemeister, 2016;Gnanvossou et al, 2008;Goergen et al, 2011;Roessler, 1989;White & Elson-Harris, 1992). Many of the species that occur in Africa are indigenous to the continent while others are of Asian origin (Billah et al, 2008;Ekesi et al, 2016;Goergen et al, 2011;Lux, Copeland, White, Manrakhan, & Billah, 2003;Mwatawala, De Meyer, White, Maerere, & Makundi, 2007;Papadopoulos, 2014;Vayssières et al, 2008;White, 2006).…”