Attributes related to attitudes toward people with disabilities

Eichinger, Joanne; Rizzo, Terry L.; Sirotnik, Barbara

doi:10.1097/00004356-199203000-00006

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, gender differences, as found within this study, are more difficult to explain. Although, this finding of gender differences lends support to studies by Aloia et al (1980), Eichinger, Rizzo, and Sirotnik (1991), and Downs and Williams (1994), it however, contradicts findings by Patrick (1987), Rizzo (1984, and Rowe and Stutts (1987). Aloia et al (1980), and Downs and Williams (1994) pointed out that the effects of possible differences in the receptivity, socialization, and teaching styles of male and female educators when teaching students with disabilities are still to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Notwith-standing that serious limitation, we submit that, this finding does agree with other reports suggesting that physical educators' attitudes can be positively impacted by way of planned systematic intervention strategies (e.g., introductory adapted physical education courses with practical experiences teaching individuals with disabilities) specifically designed to enhance awareness and influence attitudes toward teaching individuals with disabilities. To be specific, previous studies (Eichinger et al, 1991; Hodge & Jansma, 1999; Kowalski & Rizzo, 1996;Patrick, 1987;Rizzo & Kirkendall, 1995;Rizzo & Vispoel, 1992;Stewart, 1988) have consistently demonstrated that a planned systematic intervention can positively effect the attitudes of physical educators toward teaching students with disabilities. To this end, professional preparation programs in physical education should employ instructional strategies and hands-on experiences that emphasize the similarities of students with diverse abilities and varied disabilities to those students without disabilities (Rizzo & Vispoel, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Physical Education Majors' Attitudes Toward Teaching students with Disabilities

Hodge

Jansma

2000

Teacher Education and Special Education: The Journal of the Tea

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This study examined the attitudes of future physical educators toward teaching students with disabilities. Physical educators and other enrolled students (n = 704) from 40 colleges and universities across 21 states nationwide, were participants. The Physical Educators' Attitudes Toward Teaching Individuals with Disabilities-III (Rizzo, 1993) instrument was used for data collection. Attitude differences were examined as a function of participants' gender, ethnic status, course work preparation, academic major, and experience teaching individuals with disabilities. Also, examined were participants' perceived comfort levels toward teaching students with sensory and physical disabilities. GLM Factorial analysis of variance procedures revealed that females exhibited significantly higher attitude scores than males toward teaching students with disabilities. In addition, participants with experience teaching individuals with disabilities exhibited higher attitude scores than those with no such experiences. Moreover, female participants with teaching experiences exhibited significantly higher attitude scores than females and males with no such experiences, and males with experience teaching individuals with disabilities. Further analyses by gender indicated that females' perceived comfort level was significantly higher, that is, with less ambivalence, than for males toward teaching students with physical disabilities. No gender difference was found toward teaching pupils with sensory impairments. Participants' ethnic status, academic major, and course work preparation were onsignificant factors with respect to overall attitude scores toward teaching students with disabilities. In contrast, however, course work preparation was found significant regarding participants' perceived comfort level teaching students with sensory and physical disabilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physical Education Majors' Attitudes Toward Teaching students with Disabilities

Hodge

Jansma

2000

Teacher Education and Special Education: The Journal of the Tea

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“…Several approaches have been implemented to foster more positive attitudes toward people with disabilities. Specific examples of activities commonly used to modify attitudes about people with disabilities include showing films presenting a positive image of people with disabilities (Eichinger, Rizzo, & Sirotnik, 1992), educating people without disabilities about people with disabilities using accurate information (Pfeiffer, 1989), and interaction between individuals with and without disabilities in an equal-status relationship (Sandler & Robinson, 1981). Persuasive messages were found to be the most effective approach to improve the attitudes of people without disabilities toward people with disabilities, followed by information plus contact with people with disabilities, contact alone, and vicarious experiences (Shaver, Curtis, Jesunathadas, & Strong, 1989).…”

Section: Incl Usive Practices In the Education Of Chil-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Disability Simulation Research

Flower

Burns

Bottsford-Miller

2007

Remedial and Special Education

101

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A commonly attempted approach to modifying attitudes regarding people with disabilities is to place people without disabilities in situations that are designed for them to experience what it is like to have a disability. This approach, called disability simulation, continues despite criticisms including a reported lack of effectiveness data and the potential for negative experiences among participants. The current study examined 41 studies dealing with disability simulation and included 10 studies in a meta-analysis. Results showed an overall median effect size of .04 and a weighted median effect size of .17. Moderator variable weighted effect sizes ranged from .00 to .35. Thus, the data did not suggest that disability simulation was an effective practice, but few negative effects were noted. Suggestions for practice and future research are included.

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“…Q uart & Auster, 1982; M ichal-Sm ith, 1987;Eichinger et al, 1992; D uvdevany et al, 1995;Byrd, 1997 ). O ne indicator of this is the linguistic guidelines now in effect in m any places which Downloaded by [University of Saskatchewan Library] at 00:34 04 January 2015 N ewspaper Coverage of People with Disabilities 711…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newspaper Coverage of People with Disabilities in Canada and Israel: An international comparison

Gold

Auslander

1999

Disability & Society

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A BST RA CTIn this research study we compared how three Canadian and three Israeli newspapers wrote about people with disabilities over a 3-month period. The comparison included structural variables, such as the length of the articles, where they appeared, whether photographs were used, etc. W e also examined content variables, such as who the m ain character was, the details used to describe this individ ual or group, and what governmental agencies, service providers and problems were mentioned. Finally, we looked at whether the article was progressive, traditional or mixed in its perspective. O ur ® ndings showed a num ber of signi® cant differences between Canada and Israel. Equally noteworthy, however, were the considerable sim ilarities, such as frequent problems with ® nances and services, and m ost of the articles being traditional in focus. The paper concludes with an analysis of the newspaper business and the im plications of this for altering the im age of disabled people in the media. Literature ReviewSocial attitudes toward people with disabilitie s are am ong the key barrie rs obstructing their full participation in the societies in which they live , and their political equality as citizens with righ ts (7). Studies seeking to understand these attitudes show that they are in¯uenced by the culture to which one belongs, one' s religio n, class, age, gender and education, the amount of direct contact one has with disabled people, the context within which the disability occurred, and the type and severity of the disability involved ().`The m edia m ay not have the power to determ ine what people think, [but] they can and do determ ine what people think about' (N euendorf, 1990, p. 115). Therefore, the am ount and the nature of press coverage an issue receives will be related to the im portance placed on that issue by individuals in the society, regard less of any m easure of the issue' s objective im portance (Neuendorf, 1990). In addition, the media in¯uences attitudes through how it covers a give n issue (i.e. a story' s em phasis and colour) (N euendorf, 1990). For exam ple, disabled people have often been portrayed as dependent, abused or deviant (Byrd, 1989; G ardner & R adel, 19 78), and many are depicted as having no fam ilies and no worklife, reinforcing the im age of disabled people as non-productive (Zola, 1985).Portrayals of disabilities in the m edia have been criticised for some tim e for being inaccurate and demeaning, and for fostering and reinforcing negative stereotypes (Biklen, 198 7; Byrd & Ellio t, 1988 ;Yoshida et al., 1990;Panitch, 1995). The m edia presents disabled people in a variety of stereotypical ways, as weak, helpless and powerless, as victim s, geniuses, superheroes (Tait, 1992), as objects of pity, hum our and ridicule, and very often as dangerous (Bogdan et al., 1982; Byrd & Ellio t, 1988). The m edia does occasionally portray disabled people in a m ore positive ligh t, but what the general public thinks of as positive depictions m ay be som ewhat less so when view ed...

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Attributes related to attitudes toward people with disabilities

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Physical Education Majors' Attitudes Toward Teaching students with Disabilities

Physical Education Majors' Attitudes Toward Teaching students with Disabilities

Meta-Analysis of Disability Simulation Research

Newspaper Coverage of People with Disabilities in Canada and Israel: An international comparison

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