Attribution of the absorption bands of ruthenium-doped yttrium gallium garnet crystals to Ru3+, Ru4+, and Ru5+ 4d-ions by MCD

Theoretical studies of the spin-Hamiltonian parameters and their stress dependences for Ru3+ and Ir4+ ions in Y3Ga5O12 crystals

“…There has been a great deal of interest in the studies of garnets doped with transition-metal (TM) ions because of the wide practical applications in laser and luminescence materials [1][2][3][4]. In these materials, TM ions are the active centers.…”

“…So, the defect natures and defect structures of TM ions in garnets attract much attention. Since the EPR spectra of TM ions in crystals are sensitive to their immediate environments and hence to the defect natures and structures, many EPR investigations have been made for TM ions in garnets [1,3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Among them, the EPR studies for the 3d n TM ions are much more than those for the 4d n and 5d n ions in garnets.…”

Theoretical studies of the local structures and the EPR parameters for Ru3+ in the garnets

“…On the other hand, Ru ions (Ru 3+ , Ru 4+ , Ru 5+ , etc.) are extensively studied due to their unique optical absorption, photorefractive and photochromic properties as well as magnetic phase transitions and magnetocrystalline anisotropy in garnets (or Bi 12 SiO 20 ) [3][4][5][6]. Usually, these properties are closely related to the local structures and behaviours of impurity ions in the hosts.…”

Low-Temperature CO2 Methanation over Ru Nanoparticles Supported on Monoclinic Zirconia

“…The yellow color is considered to be related to Ru 3+ cations. 42 Because the precursor solution with Ru 3+ cations was solely treated with an alkaline NH 3 solution, no change in the Ru 3+ oxidation state is expected; thus, Ru 3+ species were retained in the Ru/m-ZrO 2 catalysts prepared by the SD method. Figure 3a also shows the Ru 3p 3/2 spectra of the reduced catalysts.…”

“…Ru/PCS90­(IWI) and Ru/PCS90­(SD-cal) are black, which is derived from Ru 4+ . , In contrast, Ru/PCS90­(SD), Ru/PCS110­(SD), and Ru/PCS140­(SD) are pale yellow. The yellow color is considered to be related to Ru 3+ cations . Because the precursor solution with Ru 3+ cations was solely treated with an alkaline NH 3 solution, no change in the Ru 3+ oxidation state is expected; thus, Ru 3+ species were retained in the Ru/m-ZrO 2 catalysts prepared by the SD method.…”