The molecular packing of meso-tetra(4-N-stearylpyridyl)porphine tetra-p-toluenesulfonate (PO) was
investigated at the air/water interface and in Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) films in progressively more complex
systems, namely, the pure component PO, PO mixed with sodium hexadecyl sulfate (SHS), and PO mixed
with SHS and stearic acid (SA). The LB films formed at selected surface pressures have been analyzed
by UV−visible absorption spectroscopy. The long transition in the pure PO monolayer was ascribed to
changes in the orientation of PO bases, from parallel to oblique orientation, toward the water surface. At
the interface, the PO/4SHS mixture exhibits two transitions: a low surface pressure transition, attributed
to a closer arrangement favoring electrostatic interactions; and a high surface pressure transition, ascribed
to the formation of an interdigitated double layer. The PO/4SHS/4SA system exhibits the high surface
pressure transition in a short range of areas. This behavior was ascribed to the coexistence of two mechanisms
of long chain dense packing: the filling of PO/4SHS bases by SA molecules and the double layer interdigitation
of PO/4SHS. On increasing the SA content in the ternary mixture, the transition disappears and a solid
condensed monolayer, induced by the long chain packing, begins at low surface pressures.