Atypical Fibroxanthoma—A Retrospective Immunohistochemical Study of 42 Cases

Singh, Mark; Mann, Ronald D.; Ilankovan, V.; Hussein, K.; D’Arrigo, Corrado

doi:10.1016/j.joms.2012.01.019

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Both, calponin and h‐caldesmon are cytoskeleton‐associated proteins expressed in smooth muscle and myoepithelial cells, but absent in skeletal muscle cells . We identified one PDS with a moderate expression of calponin in the tumor giant cells but negativity for all other smooth and skeletal muscle markers investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Immunohistochemical expression of melanocytic and myofibroblastic markers and their molecular correlation in atypical fibroxanthomas and pleomorphic dermal sarcomas

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Immunohistochemical expression of melanocytic and myofibroblastic markers and their molecular correlation in atypical fibroxanthomas and pleomorphic dermal sarcomas

et al. 2018

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“…There are no specific stains to identify AFX [23][24][25][26][27][28]. The positivity rates among these stains are variable: vimentin (almost all cases are positive), CD10 (95-100% positivity rate) [4,22,29,30], CD99 (35-73% positivity rate) [4,31,32], procollagen-1 (87% positivity rate) [33] and CD163 [26,34,35].…”

Section: Immunohistochemical Features Of Afxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical fibroxanthoma: new insights

Hussein

2014

Expert Review of Anticancer Therapy

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Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is an ultraviolet radiation-associated dermal neoplasm. To address the clinicopathologic and molecular features of this particular neoplasm. The author conducted a literature review using PubMed searching for articles relating to AFX. AFX usually appears as a rapidly growing nodular or nodulo-ulcerative lesion. It occurs on sun-exposed skin of elderly peoples. AFX may be composed predominantly of pleomorphic, spindle, epithelioid cells, or admixture of these cells. The differential diagnosis of AFX includes pleomorphic dermal sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma and leiomyosarcoma. Several observations favor a mesenchymal origin for AFX. These reviews address the clinicopathologic features, molecular pathology, prognosis and treatment of this neoplasm.

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“…30 The expression of calponin and h-caldesmon in benign smooth muscle tumors has been consistently described in the literature. We specifically chose to further explore the expression of SMA in spindle cell AFX cases because some of the cases included in this study were originally misdiagnosed as leiomyosarcoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…We specifically chose to further explore the expression of SMA in spindle cell AFX cases because some of the cases included in this study were originally misdiagnosed as leiomyosarcoma. Other studies have documented similar myofibroblastic differentiation in AFX 12,30,31 ; however, limited information is provided about the nature and extent of staining in the cases included in these studies. In normal tissue, both calponin and h-caldesmon are consistently present in smooth muscle tissue and absent in skeletal muscle and other mesenchymal cell types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spindle Cell Atypical Fibroxanthoma

Harding-Jackson

Sangüeza²,

Mackinnon

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a low-grade, dermal, mesenchymal neoplasm, which lacks a specific lineage of differentiation. The classical histologic appearance of AFX is that of a pleomorphic and spindle cell neoplasm with marked nuclear pleomorphism, mitotic figures, and often prominent storiform pattern that superficially resembles a pleomorphic high-grade sarcoma ("malignant fibrous histiocytoma"). Many histologic variants have been described. We have reviewed 15 cases of AFX characterized by a pure spindle cell morphology that could be easily mistaken for other spindle cell dermal neoplasms. All of our cases were stained with CD68, CD163, CD10, S-100p, p63, wide-spectrum keratin, CD31, CD34, smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, calponin, and h-caldesmon. All 15 cases showed an immunoprofile consistent with AFX. In 9 cases, SMA was also strongly expressed; this finding, coupled with the malignant spindle cell histomorphology, can lead to an erroneous diagnosis of cutaneous leiomyosarcoma with potential clinical consequences. Awareness of this pattern of immunoreactivity in this unusual variant of AFX is of importance for avoiding diagnostic misinterpretation. This study intends to characterize the nature and frequency of SMA immunoreactivity in AFX and to discuss the potential diagnostic pitfalls of immunohistochemical markers in distinguishing this entity from other malignant spindle cell neoplasms.

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Atypical Fibroxanthoma—A Retrospective Immunohistochemical Study of 42 Cases

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Immunohistochemical expression of melanocytic and myofibroblastic markers and their molecular correlation in atypical fibroxanthomas and pleomorphic dermal sarcomas

Immunohistochemical expression of melanocytic and myofibroblastic markers and their molecular correlation in atypical fibroxanthomas and pleomorphic dermal sarcomas

Atypical fibroxanthoma: new insights

Spindle Cell Atypical Fibroxanthoma

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