Atypical Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting After COVID-19 Infection

Noon, Aleeha; Malhi, Jasminder K; Wong, Chung Ki

doi:10.7759/cureus.29521

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…There has been evidence that COVID-19 infection is associated with demyelinating polyneuropathies, such as Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) and Miller–Fisher syndrome [ 150 , 151 , 152 ]. Time lapse between COVID-19 onset and symptoms of GBS vary, but may develop in under 2 weeks and generally respond well to standard treatment—either IVIG or plasma exchange [ 153 ].…”

Section: Symptoms Of Long Covidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID, the Brain, Nerves, and Cognitive Function

Reiss

Greene

Dayaramani

et al. 2023

Neurology International

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SARS-CoV-2, a single-stranded RNA coronavirus, causes an illness known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Long-term complications are an increasing issue in patients who have been infected with COVID-19 and may be a result of viral-associated systemic and central nervous system inflammation or may arise from a virus-induced hypercoagulable state. COVID-19 may incite changes in brain function with a wide range of lingering symptoms. Patients often experience fatigue and may note brain fog, sensorimotor symptoms, and sleep disturbances. Prolonged neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms are prevalent and can interfere substantially in everyday life, leading to a massive public health concern. The mechanistic pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 infection causes neurological sequelae are an important subject of ongoing research. Inflammation- induced blood-brain barrier permeability or viral neuro-invasion and direct nerve damage may be involved. Though the mechanisms are uncertain, the resulting symptoms have been documented from numerous patient reports and studies. This review examines the constellation and spectrum of nervous system symptoms seen in long COVID and incorporates information on the prevalence of these symptoms, contributing factors, and typical course. Although treatment options are generally lacking, potential therapeutic approaches for alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life are explored.

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Section: Symptoms Of Long Covidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long COVID, the Brain, Nerves, and Cognitive Function

Reiss

Greene

Dayaramani

et al. 2023

Neurology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Unmasking Ataxic Guillain–Barre Syndrome: A Rare Presentation

Ravikumar,

Prasad,

Shetty

et al. 2024

D Y Patil J Health Sci

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A 68-year-old right-handed male with a history of hypertension presented with unsteadiness while walking for 5 days preceded by a vague pain in the left shoulder and both thighs and paresthesias in all extremities. It rapidly progressed to severe gait ataxia, bilateral facial palsy, and speech difficulties. On examination, he had bilateral lower motor neuron type of facial palsy, a wide-based stance, gait ataxia, left-sided hypotonia, cerebellar signs, and generalized areflexia. He had left-sided hypotonia and normal power of all four limbs. Sensory system examination was normal, and Rhomberg’s sign was negative. He had no ophthalmoplegia. While initial considerations pointed toward a cerebrovascular accident, normal magnetic resonance imaging results prompted us to do a lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid analysis, which revealed albuminocytological dissociation indicative of Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS). Nerve conduction studies then confirmed our diagnosis. Given these results and a preceding respiratory infection, the patient was diagnosed with a rare ataxic variant of GBS. The patient was treated with plasmapheresis following which he showed dramatic clinical improvement. He was subsequently able to walk without support and perform the majority of his day-to-day activities on his own. He was discharged in a hemodynamically stable condition. This case report, thus, highlights a rare ataxic variant of GBS presenting with acute onset ataxia, areflexia, and facial diplegia. Thus, understanding the GBS and its variants is crucial to managing rare presentations swiftly and avoiding severe complications. It has tremendous scope for further research to understand the pathophysiological dynamics completely and find more targeted therapeutic approaches. We, thus, present a rare case of an ataxic variant of GBS with acute onset ataxia, areflexia, and facial diplegia.

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Atypical Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting After COVID-19 Infection

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Long COVID, the Brain, Nerves, and Cognitive Function

Long COVID, the Brain, Nerves, and Cognitive Function

Unmasking Ataxic Guillain–Barre Syndrome: A Rare Presentation

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