Atypical Hepatitis B Virus Serology Profile—Hepatitis B Surface Antigen-Positive/Hepatitis B Core Antibody-Negative—In Hepatitis B Virus/HIV Coinfected Individuals in Botswana

Phinius, Bonolo B.; Anderson, Motswedi; Mokomane, Margaret; Gobe, Irene; Choga, Wonderful T.; Ratsoma, Tsholofelo; Phakedi, Basetsana; Mpebe, Gorata; Ditshwanelo, Doreen; Musonda, Rosemary; Makhema, Joseph; Moyo, Sikhulile; Gaseitsiwe, Simani

doi:10.3390/v15071544

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…DNA concentration and quality were determined using the Qubit fluorometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Library preparation was adopted from an already established protocol [ 26 ] and modified as previously described [ 27 ]. In brief, a two-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the whole HBV genome.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

Phinius,

Anderson,

Gobe

et al. 2024

Viruses

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(1) Background: We aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in people with HBV and human immunodeficiency virus (HBV/HIV) in Botswana. (2) Methods: We sequenced HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from participants with HBV/HIV from the Botswana Combination Prevention Project study (2013–2018) using the Oxford Nanopore GridION platform. Consensus sequences were analyzed for genotypic and mutational profiles. (3) Results: Overall, 98 HBV sequences had evaluable reverse transcriptase region coverage. The median participant age was 43 years (IQR: 37, 49) and 66/98 (67.4%) were female. Most participants, i.e., 86/98 (87.8%) had suppressed HIV viral load (VL). HBV RAMs were identified in 61/98 (62.2%) participants. Most RAMs were in positions 204 (60.3%), 180 (50.5%), and 173 (33.3%), mostly associated with lamivudine resistance. The triple mutations rtM204V/L180M/V173L were the most predominant (17/61 [27.9%]). Most participants (96.7%) with RAMs were on antiretroviral therapy for a median duration of 7.5 years (IQR: 4.8, 10.5). Approximately 27.9% (17/61) of participants with RAMs had undetectable HBV VL, 50.8% (31/61) had VL < 2000 IU/mL, and 13/61 (21.3%) had VL ≥ 2000 IU/mL. (4) Conclusions: The high prevalence of lamivudine RAMs discourages the use of ART regimens with 3TC as the only HBV-active drug in people with HIV/HBV.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

Phinius,

Anderson,

Gobe

et al. 2024

Viruses

Self Cite

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High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine Among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

Phinius,

Anderson,

Gobe

et al. 2024

Preprint

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(1) Background: We aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) in people with HBV and human immunodeficiency virus (HBV/HIV) in Botswana. (2) Methods: We sequenced HBV from participants with HBV/HIV from the Botswana Combination Prevention Project study (2013-2018) using the Oxford Nanopore GridION platform. Consensus sequences were analyzed for genotypic and mutational profiles. (3) Results: Overall, 98 HBV sequences had evaluable reverse transcriptase region coverage. The median participant age was 43 years (IQR: 37, 49) and 66/98 (67.4%) were female. Most participants, 85/97 (87.6%) had suppressed HIV viral load (VL). HBV RAMs were identified in 61/98 (62.2%) participants. Most RAMs were in positions 204 (60.3%), 180 (50.5%) and 173 (33.3%), mostly associated with lamivudine resistance. The triple mutations, rtM204V/L180M/V173L and was the most predominant (17/61 [27.9%]). Most participants (96.7%) with RAMs were on antiretroviral therapy for a median duration of 7.5 years (IQR: 4.8, 10.5). Approximately 27.9% (17/61) of participants with RAMs had undetectable HBV VL, 50.8% (31/61) had VL &lt;2000IU/mL and 13/61 (21.3%) had VL ≥2000 IU/mL. (4) Conclusions: The high prevalence of lamivudine RAMs discourages the use of ART regimens with 3TC as the only HBV-active drug in people with HIV/HBV.

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Impact of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection on the Selection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Mutations

Baruti,

Choga,

Phinius

et al. 2024

Genes

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The interaction of multiple viruses in one host is thought to enhance the development of mutations. However, the impact of hepatitis D virus (HDV) positivity on the development of unique hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutations among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) remains poorly understood in African countries, including Botswana. We used HBV sequences generated from the Botswana Combination Prevention Project (BCPP), which is the largest pair-matched cluster-randomized HIV trial in Botswana. Only participants with available HBV sequences (n = 55) were included in our study ([HIV/HBV-positive (n = 50) and HIV/HBV/HDV-positive (n = 5)]. Geno2pheno was used to determine HBV genotypes, and HBV surface region sequences (all subgenotype A1) were aligned in AliView for mutational analysis, while the impact of mutations was assessed using Phyre2. Our results identified 182 common mutations between the two groups. In the HIV/HBV/HDV cohort, only three mutations (L95W, W156Q, C221Y) were classified as deleterious, with only L95W being the most frequent. In the HIV/HBV cohort, four mutations (W199R, C221A, C221S, W223G) were also classified as deleterious. Our results demonstrate the presence of unique HBV mutations among the HIV/HBV/HDV-positive cohort. Functional characterization of these mutations is recommended to determine their effect on HDV.

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Atypical Hepatitis B Virus Serology Profile—Hepatitis B Surface Antigen-Positive/Hepatitis B Core Antibody-Negative—In Hepatitis B Virus/HIV Coinfected Individuals in Botswana

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

High Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Drug Resistance Mutations to Lamivudine Among People with HIV/HBV Coinfection in Rural and Peri-Urban Communities in Botswana

Impact of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection on the Selection of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Mutations

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