Atypically diffuse functional connectivity between caudate nuclei and cerebral cortex in autism

Turner, Katherine C; Frost, Leonard; Linsenbardt, David N.; McIlroy, John R; Müller, Ralph‐Axel

doi:10.1186/1744-9081-2-34

Cited by 178 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The slower overall reaction time and movement times are consistent with previous work which supports the notion of basal ganglia-striatal involvement (Singh and Rivas 2004;Takarae et al 2007;Turner et al 2006). Rinehart et al (2006c) examined a number of gait parameters and reported that children and adolescents with autism display features of both basal-ganglia-striatal as well as cerebellar involvement.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Movement Planning and Reprogramming in Individuals With Autism

Nazarali

Glazebrook

Elliott

2009

J Autism Dev Disord

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Two experiments explored how individuals with and without autism plan and reprogram movements. Participants were given partial or complete information regarding the location of the upcoming manual movement. In Experiment 1, direct information specified the hand or direction of the upcoming movement. These results replicated previous reports that participants with autism utilize advance information to prepare their movements in the same manner as their chronologically age matched peers. Experiment 2 examined how individuals respond to an unexpected change in the movement requirements. Participants received advance information about the hand and direction of the upcoming movement. On 20% of the trials participants needed to adjust either the hand or direction they had prepared. Overall, the individuals with autism had difficulty reprogramming already planned movements, particularly if a different effector was required.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Movement Planning and Reprogramming in Individuals With Autism

Nazarali

Glazebrook

Elliott

2009

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…Atypical static FC of sensorimotor regions has reported in previous studies (Anderson et al, 2011a;Mostofsky et al, 2009;Turner et al, 2006). Our findings suggest that despite the broad range of sensorimotor difficulties experienced by individuals with ASD (Minshew et al, 1997;Perry et al, 2007;Whyatt & Craig, 2013), atypical functioning with the SMN may be common across the autism spectrum.…”

Section: Cc-by-nc-nd 40 International License Peer-reviewed) Is the mentioning

confidence: 52%

Functional connectivity-based subtypes of individuals with and without autism spectrum disorder

Easson

Fatima

McIntosh

2017

Preprint

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by impairments in social communication and restricted and repetitive behaviours.Neuroimaging studies of individuals with ASD have shown complex patterns of functional connectivity (FC), with no clear consensus on defining brain-behaviour attributes of different subtypes of the disorder. In these studies, "static FC", a metric that considers correlations across the entire time series for a given region, was used. Emerging evidence shows that FC changes over time; this "dynamic FC" can allow for unique detection of the temporal variability of functional connections over time. Here, we used k-means clustering, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, to characterize two subtypes of ASD based on distinct patterns of static and dynamic FC. A multivariate statistical approach was then implemented to determine optimal relationships between FC patterns and group membership or behaviour. The main objective was to characterize differences in static and dynamic FC between subtypes of ASD defined in a fully data-driven manner, and between subtypes and typically developing individuals. Subtype 2 was defined by increased FC within resting-state networks and decreased FC across networks for static FC, global increases in temporal stability of dynamic FC, and robust relationships between FC and several behaviours, relative to Subtype 1. Further, both ASD subtypes exhibited different patterns of static and dynamic FC compared to controls, particularly within default mode, sensorimotor, and occipital networks. Static and dynamic FC metrics provided both overlapping and unique information about the nature of FC differences between subtypes, and between both subtypes and controls. Our results demonstrate the value of considering FC-based subtypes of ASD to elucidate different relationships between brain and behaviour among individuals with this disorder, and have important clinical implications for catering treatments and behavioural interventions to specific subtypes.

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“…Similarly, weaker functional connectivity has also been reported in cortical-subcortical networks; for instance, between the visual cortex and the thalamus and cerebellum (Villalobos et al, 2005), and between the superior frontal gyrus and the caudate nucleus (Turner et al, 2006). While these studies all reported functional underconnectivity in ASD in non-frontal posterior network, the findings vary across a wide variety of pairs of regions and across a large range of tasks, making it difficult to isolate a specific pattern of disturbance.…”

Section: Functional Connectivity Mri (Fcmri) Studies In Asdmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Implications of Brain Connectivity in the Neuropsychology of Autism

2014

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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that has been associated with atypical brain functioning. Functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) studies examining neural networks in autism have seen an exponential rise over the last decade. Such investigations have led to characterization of autism as a distributed neural systems disorder. Studies have found widespread cortical underconnectivity, local overconnectivity, and mixed results suggesting disrupted brain connectivity as a potential neural signature of autism. In this review, we summarize the findings of previous fcMRI studies in autism with a detailed examination of their methodology, in order to better understand its potential and to delineate the pitfalls. We also address how a multimodal neuroimaging approach (incorporating different measures of brain connectivity) may help characterize the complex neurobiology of autism at a global level. Finally, we also address the potential of neuroimaging-based markers in assisting neuropsychological assessment of autism. The quest for a biomarker for autism is still ongoing, yet new findings suggest that aberrant brain connectivity may be a promising candidate.

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Atypically diffuse functional connectivity between caudate nuclei and cerebral cortex in autism

Cited by 178 publications

References 110 publications

Movement Planning and Reprogramming in Individuals With Autism

Movement Planning and Reprogramming in Individuals With Autism

Functional connectivity-based subtypes of individuals with and without autism spectrum disorder

The Implications of Brain Connectivity in the Neuropsychology of Autism

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