Au-Seeded CsPbI₃ Nanowire Optoelectronics via Exothermic Nucleation

Abstract

Converting vapor precursors to solid nanostructures via a liquid noble-metal seed is a common vapor deposition principle. However, such a noble-metal-seeded process is excluded from the crystalline halide perovskite synthesis, mainly hindered by the growth mechanism shortness. Herein, powered by a spontaneous exothermic nucleation process (ΔH < 0), the Au-seeded CsPbI3 nanowires (NWs) growth is realized based on a vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) growth mode. It is energetically favored that the Au seeds are reacted with a Pb vapor precursor to form molten Au–Pb droplets at temperatures down to 212 °C, further triggering the low-temperature VLS growth of CsPbI3 NWs. More importantly, this Au-seeded process reduces in-bandgap trap states and consequently avoids Shockley–Read–Hall recombination, contributing to outstanding photodetector performances. Our work extends the powerful Au-seeded VLS growth mode to the emerging halide perovskites, which will facilitate their nanostructures with tailored material properties.

Phase Engineering for Stability of CsPbI3 Nanowire Optoelectronics

“…Importantly, the orthorhombic perovskite structure of Zn-catalyzed CsPbI 3 NWs remains stable at room temperature, mainly due to the combined effect of substituted Zn 2+ to Pb 2+ and the larger I − ionic radius compared to other halide ions. [16] Besides, the SAED pattern also reveals that the Zn-seeded CsPbI 3 NWs tend to grow along the [100] direction, aligning with prior experimental and computational investigations. This preference for growth along the (100) planes of CsPbI 3 NWs can be due to their reduced surface free energy compared to other crystallographic planes, which drives directed crystal growth.…”

Cesium Cyclopropane Acid‐Aided Crystal Growth Enables Efficient Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells with a High Moisture Tolerance

“…Also, we carried out time‐resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and steady‐state PL spectroscopic measurements on these iHP films (see Figure 4f and S8). By using a bi‐exponential decay model, [30] we obtained the PL decay lifetime, as summarized in Table 1. The longest average decay lifetime $${\varphi{} }$$ was found in the film prepared at 45 % RH, amounting to 74.8 ns.…”

Recent advance of high-quality perovskite nanostructure and its application in flexible photodetectors

“…As shown in figure 1(d), the Au seeds reacted with Pb vapor to form molten Au-Pb droplets at temperatures as low as 212 °C. This approach facilitated low-temperature growth of CsPbI 3 NWs, reducing bandgap trap states and hindering Shockley-Read-Hall recombination [60].…”