Au@TiO2 yolk-shell nanostructures for enhanced performance in both photoelectric and photocatalytic solar conversion

Core–shell structured catalysts for thermocatalytic, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic conversion of CO2

“…This is exemplified by SiO 2 @Pt-TiO 2 , with an inert SiO 2 core to reflect light to a hollow TiO 2 shell and Pt nanoparticles dispersed in the void to work as cocatalysts. 308 Both cores and shells can also be made of photo-active materials, so that light scattering between the core and shell synergistically increases photo-generation of charges 309,310 The hollow shells may be composed of single photo-active materials or heterojunctions between more than one material. [311][312][313][314] For example, hollow CdS spheres coated with monolayer N-doped graphene were reported for CO 2 photo-reduction to CO and CH 4 , wherein the hollow cavity was used to act as a photon trap, and the coreshell layered structure provided a close interfacial contact between CdS and graphene, endowing the hollow core-shell composite with more than three-fold higher CO 2 reduction activity than conventional CdS/graphene composites.…”

“…have also been applied widely for solar light scattering and This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020 harvesting in photocatalytic applications such as water splitting and photo-decomposition of alcohols and dyes. 302 Architectures ranging from traditional yolk@shell 309,310 to multi-shelled, 321,322 double-yolk@shell, 323 ordered hierarchical assemblies of hollow or yolk@shell spheres, 324 and others have been reported to enhance light absorption. Further catalyst exploration in this regard using such advanced architectures and material compositions for photocatalytic CO 2 hydrogenation are expected to be of continuing interest.…”

The roles and mechanism of cocatalysts in photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen

“…In this section, the application of transition metal phosphides materials as cocatalysts for photocatalytic H2 production is introduced, and Table 2 and Table 3 summarize the application of metals and alloys as cocatalysts in the photocatalyst system for H2 evolution. Several noble-metals such as Pt [54,[90][91][92][93][94][95][96], Pd [97][98][99], Ag [100][101][102][103] and Au [24,[104][105][106][107][108] have been investigated in recent years. Pt, with the largest work function among many noble-metal, (Table 1), is the best cocatalyst for trapping electrons.…”

“…In the past two decades, the semiconductor photocatalysts have been greatly developed by a large number of scholars from various countries and regions. Many photocatalytic materials have been investigated, including metal oxides or sulfides, such as TiO2 [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], CdS [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] and ZnCdS [15,[39][40][41][42], and the metal-free semiconductors such as rGO [43] and g-C3N4 [5,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. However, the photocatalytic activities of the most promising semiconductor photocatalysts are still not quite satisfied due to the easy recombination between charge carriers.…”

Preparation and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production of B, N Co-doped In2O3/TiO2

“…大多数 TiO 2 光催化剂是基于粉末、颗粒状悬浊液 来参与光催化反应 [30][31][32][33][34] , 一方面粉末颗粒有聚集趋势, 另一方面在后续处理、分离回收时有诸多不便, 不利于 降低成本. 将 TiO 2 粉末负载在其他载体上, 如玻璃、活 性炭、钢丝网或高分子材料上 [35][36] , 由于借助载体成型, 催化剂在使用后仍能维持形态, 便于分离回收与重复利 用.…”