Audiovisual temporal processing in adult patients with first-episode schizophrenia and high-functioning autism

Zhou, Haijin; Lai, Iris Y. S.; Hung, Karen S. Y.; Chan, Mandy K. M.; Ho, Zoe T. Y.; Lam, Jenny P. H.; Lui, Simon S.Y.; Chan, Raymond C.K.

doi:10.1038/s41537-022-00284-2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…More recent research involving adults paints a different picture. Two studies (Weiland et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2022) with larger samples of adults found no difference between autistic and nonautistic participants in the width of the WPS, suggesting that autistic individuals may also catch up in the honing of temporal processing by the time they reach adulthood. A very similar pattern emerges with rapid temporal recalibration, where smaller studies with younger participants found differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals (J.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Narrowing of this window, which can be seen as a refinement of temporal processing acuity, occurs during typical development (Hillock et al, 2011;Lewkowicz & Flom, 2014), but is both delayed and diminished among those with autism (de Boer-Schellekens et al, 2013;Foss-Feig et al, 2010;Stevenson et al, 2014). However, recent research challenges the degree to which this applies to autistic adults (Weiland et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age, not Autism, Influences Multisensory Integration of Speech Stimuli among Adults

III,

Begeer,

Geurts

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals in perception of the temporal relationships between sights and sounds are theorized to underlie difficulties in integrating relevant sensory information. These, in turn, are thought to contribute to problems with speech perception and higher level social behaviors. However, the literature establishing this connection often involves limited sample sizes and focuses almost entirely on children. To determine whether these differences persist into adulthood, we compared 469 autistic and 373 non-autistic adults (aged 17 to 75 years). Participants completed an online version of the McGurk/MacDonald paradigm, a multisensory illusion indicative of the ability to integrate audiovisual speech stimuli. Audiovisual asynchrony was manipulated, and participants responded both to the syllable they perceived (revealing their susceptibility to the illusion) and to whether or not the audio and video were synchronized (allowing insight into temporal processing). In contrast with prior research with smaller, younger samples, we detected no evidence of impaired temporal or multisensory processing in autistic adults. Instead, we found that in both groups, multisensory integration correlated strongly with age. This contradicts prior presumptions that differences in multisensory perception persist and even increase in magnitude over the lifespan of autistic individuals. It also suggests that the compensatory role multisensory integration may play as the individual senses decline with age is intact. These findings challenge existing theories and provide an optimistic perspective on autistic development. They also underline the importance of expanding autism research to better reflect the age range of the autistic population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age, not Autism, Influences Multisensory Integration of Speech Stimuli among Adults

III,

Begeer,

Geurts

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…More recent research involving adults paints a different picture. Two studies (Weiland et al, 2022;Zhou et al, 2022) with larger samples of adults found no difference between autistic and non-autistic participants in the width of the WPS, suggesting that autistic individuals may also catch up in the honing of temporal processing by the time they reach adulthood. A very similar pattern emerges with rapid temporal recalibration, where smaller studies with younger participants found differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals (Noel et al, 2017;Turi et al, 2016), but the largest adult study did not (Weiland et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Narrowing of this window, which can be seen as a refinement of temporal processing acuity, occurs during typical development (Hillock et al, 2011; Hillock‐Dunn & Wallace, 2012; Lewkowicz & Flom, 2014) but is both delayed and diminished among those with autism (de Boer‐Schellekens et al, 2013; Foss‐Feig et al, 2010; Stevenson, Siemann, et al, 2014). However, recent research challenges the degree to which this applies to autistic adults (Ainsworth & Bertone, 2023; Weiland et al, 2022; Zhou et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age, not autism, influences multisensory integration of speech stimuli among adults in a McGurk/MacDonald paradigm

Jertberg,

Begeer,

Geurts

et al. 2024

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Differences between autistic and non‐autistic individuals in perception of the temporal relationships between sights and sounds are theorized to underlie difficulties in integrating relevant sensory information. These, in turn, are thought to contribute to problems with speech perception and higher level social behaviour. However, the literature establishing this connection often involves limited sample sizes and focuses almost entirely on children. To determine whether these differences persist into adulthood, we compared 496 autistic and 373 non‐autistic adults (aged 17 to 75 years). Participants completed an online version of the McGurk/MacDonald paradigm, a multisensory illusion indicative of the ability to integrate audiovisual speech stimuli. Audiovisual asynchrony was manipulated, and participants responded both to the syllable they perceived (revealing their susceptibility to the illusion) and to whether or not the audio and video were synchronized (allowing insight into temporal processing). In contrast with prior research with smaller, younger samples, we detected no evidence of impaired temporal or multisensory processing in autistic adults. Instead, we found that in both groups, multisensory integration correlated strongly with age. This contradicts prior presumptions that differences in multisensory perception persist and even increase in magnitude over the lifespan of autistic individuals. It also suggests that the compensatory role multisensory integration may play as the individual senses decline with age is intact. These findings challenge existing theories and provide an optimistic perspective on autistic development. They also underline the importance of expanding autism research to better reflect the age range of the autistic population.

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Neural oscillations reflect the individual differences in the temporal perception of audiovisual speech

Jiang,

An,

Liu

et al. 2023

Cerebral Cortex

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Multisensory integration occurs within a limited time interval between multimodal stimuli. Multisensory temporal perception varies widely among individuals and involves perceptual synchrony and temporal sensitivity processes. Previous studies explored the neural mechanisms of individual differences for beep-flash stimuli, whereas there was no study for speech. In this study, 28 subjects (16 male) performed an audiovisual speech/ba/simultaneity judgment task while recording their electroencephalography. We examined the relationship between prestimulus neural oscillations (i.e. the pre-pronunciation movement-related oscillations) and temporal perception. The perceptual synchrony was quantified using the Point of Subjective Simultaneity and temporal sensitivity using the Temporal Binding Window. Our results revealed dissociated neural mechanisms for individual differences in Temporal Binding Window and Point of Subjective Simultaneity. The frontocentral delta power, reflecting top-down attention control, is positively related to the magnitude of individual auditory leading Temporal Binding Windows (auditory Temporal Binding Windows; LTBWs), whereas the parieto-occipital theta power, indexing bottom-up visual temporal attention specific to speech, is negatively associated with the magnitude of individual visual leading Temporal Binding Windows (visual Temporal Binding Windows; RTBWs). In addition, increased left frontal and bilateral temporoparietal occipital alpha power, reflecting general attentional states, is associated with increased Points of Subjective Simultaneity. Strengthening attention abilities might improve the audiovisual temporal perception of speech and further impact speech integration.

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Audiovisual temporal processing in adult patients with first-episode schizophrenia and high-functioning autism

Cited by 5 publications

References 48 publications

Age, not Autism, Influences Multisensory Integration of Speech Stimuli among Adults

Age, not Autism, Influences Multisensory Integration of Speech Stimuli among Adults

Age, not autism, influences multisensory integration of speech stimuli among adults in a McGurk/MacDonald paradigm

Neural oscillations reflect the individual differences in the temporal perception of audiovisual speech

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