Auditory local bias and reduced global interference in autism

Bouvet, Lucie; Simard-Meilleur, Andrée-Anne; Paignon, Adeline; Mottron, Laurent; Donnadieu, Sophie

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2014.02.006

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This discrepancy may be due to differences in task sensitivity between studies. Indeed, Bouvet et al (2014) [24] showed that autistic individuals were more adept at detecting local elements within musical stimuli than RPM and Wechsler's performance IQ-matched controls; however, global to local interference was poorer in autistic individuals than in controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In autism, high performance in mid-level tasks is primarily the result of a non-mandatory influence of global/gestalt effects. High performances are consistently demonstrated during visuospatial tasks requiring pattern extraction, detection, matching and/or manipulation [20], [21], but have also been documented in the auditory domain during musical tasks [22]–[24]. Some of these perceptual capabilities are evident as early as three years of age [25], indicating that high perception in autistic individuals manifests at various steps of processing in different modalities and relatively early in development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Autism-Specific Covariation in Perceptual Performances: “g” or “p” Factor?

et al. 2014

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BackgroundAutistic perception is characterized by atypical and sometimes exceptional performance in several low- (e.g., discrimination) and mid-level (e.g., pattern matching) tasks in both visual and auditory domains. A factor that specifically affects perceptive abilities in autistic individuals should manifest as an autism-specific association between perceptual tasks. The first purpose of this study was to explore how perceptual performances are associated within or across processing levels and/or modalities. The second purpose was to determine if general intelligence, the major factor that accounts for covariation in task performances in non-autistic individuals, equally controls perceptual abilities in autistic individuals.MethodsWe asked 46 autistic individuals and 46 typically developing controls to perform four tasks measuring low- or mid-level visual or auditory processing. Intelligence was measured with the Wechsler's Intelligence Scale (FSIQ) and Raven Progressive Matrices (RPM). We conducted linear regression models to compare task performances between groups and patterns of covariation between tasks. The addition of either Wechsler's FSIQ or RPM in the regression models controlled for the effects of intelligence.ResultsIn typically developing individuals, most perceptual tasks were associated with intelligence measured either by RPM or Wechsler FSIQ. The residual covariation between unimodal tasks, i.e. covariation not explained by intelligence, could be explained by a modality-specific factor. In the autistic group, residual covariation revealed the presence of a plurimodal factor specific to autism.ConclusionsAutistic individuals show exceptional performance in some perceptual tasks. Here, we demonstrate the existence of specific, plurimodal covariation that does not dependent on general intelligence (or “g” factor). Instead, this residual covariation is accounted for by a common perceptual process (or “p” factor), which may drive perceptual abilities differently in autistic and non-autistic individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Autism-Specific Covariation in Perceptual Performances: “g” or “p” Factor?

et al. 2014

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“…For both auditory and visual modalities, autistic individuals are less influenced by top-down modulation, which reflects high-level processing [62,114,119]. They show superior performance when processing local elements embedded in a melody, suggesting reduced global-to-local interference [62,119].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They show superior performance when processing local elements embedded in a melody, suggesting reduced global-to-local interference [62,119]. Likewise, the influence of prior knowledge about linear perspective on visual three-dimensional perception is different between individuals with and without ASD [114].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The singular nature of auditory and visual scene analysis in autism

Lin

Shirama

Kato

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder often have difficulty acquiring relevant auditory and visual information in daily environments, despite not being diagnosed as hearing impaired or having low vision. Resent psychophysical and neurophysiological studies have shown that autistic individuals have highly specific individual differences at various levels of information processing, including feature extraction, automatic grouping and top-down modulation in auditory and visual scene analysis. Comparison of the characteristics of scene analysis between auditory and visual modalities reveals some essential commonalities, which could provide clues about the underlying neural mechanisms. Further progress in this line of research may suggest effective methods for diagnosing and supporting autistic individuals. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Auditory and visual scene analysis'.

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“…It also is possible to attend to a certain part of an auditory stimulus, for instance when attending to a specific part of binaurally presented tone sequences. Some studies used Bhierarchical^auditory stimuli consisting of short repetitive sequential patterns that were combined to a long sequential pattern (Bouvet et al, 2011;Bouvet et al, 2014;Justus & List, 2005;Ouimet, Foster, & Hyde, 2012;Sanders & Poeppel, 2007;Sanders & Astheimer, 2008). Hence, such studies examine the auditory analogy of hierarchical visual stimuli (Ivry & Robertson, 1998;Kimchi, 1992;Navon, 1977Navon, , 1981.…”

Section: Intentional Control Of Auditory Attention To Temporally Limimentioning

confidence: 99%

Intentional switching of auditory attention between long and short sequential tone patterns

Nolden

Koch

2017

Atten Percept Psychophys

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The current study focuses on auditory task switching, more precisely on switching attention between different temporal patterns of the same auditory stimulus. Tone sequences consisting of nine different pitch tones were presented aurally. Three repetitive short 3-tone patterns (local focus) were combined to a long pattern (global focus), and each could be either rising or falling, resulting in congruent or incongruent combinations. Participants were informed by a cue if they had to attend to the short or to the long pattern, and they indicated if the target pattern was rising or falling by pressing one of two keys. In two experiments, we investigated cued switches between the two attentional foci. Switch costs in reaction times and errors were observed when switching from the long to the short pattern but not when switching from the short to the long pattern. These asymmetric switch costs were reduced when participants had more time to prepare for the switch in a condition with a prolonged cue-stimulus interval. In addition, participants made more errors when global and local patterns did not correspond to each other (i.e., in incongruent trials) when attending to either of the patterns, but this congruency effect was not modulated by preparation time. The data suggest that the mechanisms of task goal prioritizing, as indicated by the asymmetric attention switch costs, are dissociable from those underlying stimulus selection, as indicated by the congruency effects.

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Auditory local bias and reduced global interference in autism

Cited by 37 publications

References 40 publications

Autism-Specific Covariation in Perceptual Performances: “g” or “p” Factor?

Autism-Specific Covariation in Perceptual Performances: “g” or “p” Factor?

The singular nature of auditory and visual scene analysis in autism

Intentional switching of auditory attention between long and short sequential tone patterns

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