Auditory Masking Effects on Speech Fluency in Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia: Comparison to Altered Auditory Feedback

Jacks, Adam; Haley, Katarina L.

doi:10.1044/2015_jslhr-s-14-0277

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Similar to the internal attention account, overreliance on auditory feedback might disrupt automatization by causing speakers with AOS to focus internally on acoustic or movement patterns of their speech (Jacks, 2008;Maas et al, 2008). Restricting access to auditory feedback with continuous masking noise might decrease disfluencies in AOS by causing speakers to attend less to their errors (Jacks & Haley, 2015). Similarly, distracting people from conscious control of their speech through a dual task might also redirect attentional resources from internal focus on feedback.…”

Section: Effects Of Cognitive Demandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Harmon

Jacks

Haley

2019

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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Purpose Slowed speech and interruptions to the flow of connected speech are common in aphasia. These features are also observed during dual-task performance for neurotypical adults. The purposes of this study were to determine (a) whether indices of fluency related to cognitive–linguistic versus motor processing would differ between speakers with aphasia plus apraxia of speech (AOS) and speakers with aphasia only and (b) whether cognitive load reduces fluency in speakers with aphasia with and without AOS. Method Fourteen speakers with aphasia (7 with AOS) and 7 neurotypical controls retold short stories alone (single task) and while simultaneously distinguishing between a high and a low tone (dual task). Their narrative samples were analyzed for speech fluency according to sample duration, speech rate, pause/fill time, and repetitions per syllable. Results As expected, both speaker groups with aphasia spoke slower and with more pauses than the neurotypical controls. The speakers with AOS produced more repetitions and longer samples than controls, but they did not differ on these measures from the speakers with aphasia without AOS. Relative to the single-task condition, the dual-task condition increased the duration of pauses and fillers for all groups but reduced speaking rate only for the control group. Sample duration and frequency of repetitions did not change in response to cognitive load. Conclusions Speech output in aphasia becomes less fluent when speakers have to engage in simultaneous tasks, as is typical in everyday conversation. Although AOS may lead to more sound and syllable repetitions than normal, speaking tasks other than narrative discourse might better capture this specific type of disfluency. Future research is needed to confirm and expand these preliminary findings. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8847845

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Section: Effects Of Cognitive Demandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Harmon

Jacks

Haley

2019

Am J Speech Lang Pathol

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“…We further predicted that PPA syndromes would show differential sensitivity to DAF, and that individual variation within groups would lead to departures from any group-wise profiles. At group level, extrapolating from previous observations in stroke aphasia ( 14 , 22 , 24 ), we hypothesized an overall increased sensitivity to DAF in nfvPPA, less marked sensitivity in svPPA and a mixed profile in lvPPA. We anticipated that group profiles of altered DAF sensitivity in the ‘non-aphasic' syndromes of bvFTD and tAD would be comparable to healthy older individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The speech slowing and speech sound errors induced by DAF in healthy individuals closely resemble the speech production deficits that characterize nfvPPA ( 5 ), hinting at a shared cognitive or pathophysiological mechanism and the possibility of therapeutic applications. Evidence in stroke populations has suggested that sensitivity to DAF may vary between aphasic syndromes, with less sensitivity in fluent and conduction aphasia albeit with considerable variability between reports ( 14 , 22 – 24 ): this potentially opens up a novel avenue to syndrome stratification and diagnosis in the PPA spectrum, which continues to pose substantial nosological difficulties ( 20 ). Neuroanatomically, the effects of DAF and other forms of altered auditory feedback (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Speech Output to Delayed Auditory Feedback in Primary Progressive Aphasias

Hardy¹,

Bond²,

Jaisin³

et al. 2018

Front. Neurol.

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Delayed auditory feedback (DAF) is a classical paradigm for probing sensori-motor interactions in speech output and has been studied in various disorders associated with speech dysfluency and aphasia. However, little information is available concerning the effects of DAF on degenerating language networks in primary progressive aphasia: the paradigmatic “language-led dementias.” Here we studied two forms of speech output (reading aloud and propositional speech) under natural listening conditions (no feedback delay) and under DAF at 200 ms, in a cohort of 19 patients representing all major primary progressive aphasia syndromes vs. healthy older individuals and patients with other canonical dementia syndromes (typical Alzheimer's disease and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia). Healthy controls and most syndromic groups showed a quantitatively or qualitatively similar profile of reduced speech output rate and increased speech error rate under DAF relative to natural auditory feedback. However, there was no group effect on propositional speech output rate under DAF in patients with nonfluent primary progressive aphasia and logopenic aphasia. Importantly, there was considerable individual variation in DAF sensitivity within syndromic groups and some patients in each group (though no healthy controls) apparently benefited from DAF, showing paradoxically increased speech output rate and/or reduced speech error rate under DAF. This work suggests that DAF may be an informative probe of pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning primary progressive aphasia: identification of “DAF responders” may open up an avenue to novel therapeutic applications.

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“…Because AOS is commonly co-morbid with aphasia, as in this current study, certain researchers (e.g. Bailey et al, 2017;Jacks and Haley. 2015) have discussed the possibility of an overlap of certain disfluencies, such as revisions, that may originate from both motor and linguistic deviations.…”

Section: Deviant Fluency Following Tbimentioning

confidence: 94%

Auditory–Perceptual Assessment of Fluency in Typical and Neurologically Disordered Speech

Penttilä

Korpijaakko‐Huuhka

Kent

2018

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Speech fluency is a multifaceted phenomenon, and on the basis of this study, we suggest a more general approach to fluency and its deviations that will take into account, in addition to the motor and linguistic aspects of fluency, the metalinguistic component of expression as well. The results of this study indicate a need for further studies on the precise nature of borderline fluency and its different disfluencies.

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Auditory Masking Effects on Speech Fluency in Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia: Comparison to Altered Auditory Feedback

Cited by 25 publications

References 76 publications

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Speech Fluency in Acquired Apraxia of Speech During Narrative Discourse: Group Comparisons and Dual-Task Effects

Sensitivity of Speech Output to Delayed Auditory Feedback in Primary Progressive Aphasias

Auditory–Perceptual Assessment of Fluency in Typical and Neurologically Disordered Speech

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