Auditory Processing Differences in Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Purpose Auditory processing measures have been used in an attempt to understand the relationship between neurological mechanisms and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptomatology in school-age children. The focus of the current study was to understand neural auditory processing in 2- to 3-year-olds with ASD. Method Auditory processing measures (click auditory brainstem responses and speech-evoked frequency-following responses) were hypothesized to differ between typically developing children ( n = 18) and children with ASD ( n = 18). Auditory processing measures were hypothesized to relate to language development in children with ASD. Results The current study found limited differences in auditory processing measures between the two groups. No relationships were found between auditory processing measures and language development measures. Conclusions Future research is necessary to characterize auditory processing in toddlers with ASD. Longitudinal approaches should be considered when studying auditory processing in children with ASD in order to explore its developmental relationship with ASD symptomatology.

A Systematic Review of Brainstem Contributions to Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…The most common ABR finding is that the wave is prolonged in ASD (Rosenhall et al, 2003;Tas et al, 2007;Azouz et al, 2014;Kamita et al, 2020). IPL of peak I-V differences are found as well (Figure 2B; Ververi et al, 2015;Jones et al, 2020).…”

“…A study concluded that latencies of all speech-evoked ABR waves and V-A complex duration are longer in the ASD group compared to healthy controls (Ramezani et al, 2019). Other studies found differences in specific waves such as latencies in waves C, D, E, F (El Shennawy et al, 2014), and wave O (El Shennawy et al, 2014;Jones et al, 2020). Moreover, a difference in amplitude between the ASD and the control groups is observed in waves C, D, E, F, and O (El Shennawy et al, 2014).…”

Table_2.docx

“…Moreover, interpeak intervals were longer in PA compared to control (Strata et al, 2005). Similar to the ABR alterations in autistic individuals (Tanguay et al, 1982;Maziade et al, 2000;Rosenhall et al, 2003;Tas et al, 2007;Russo et al, 2008;Magliaro et al, 2010;Azouz et al, 2014;Ververi et al, 2015;Jones et al, 2020;Kamita et al, 2020).…”

“…As previously discussed, the morphology of SOC is found to be altered in the post-mortem brains of autistic individuals (Kulesza and Mangunay, 2008;Kulesza et al, 2011;Wegiel et al, 2014;Mansour and Kulesza, 2020). Moreover, abnormalities in peak III-V IPL (Figure 2B) are found (Rosenhall et al, 2003;Tas et al, 2007;Azouz et al, 2014;Jones et al, 2020;Kamita et al, 2020). The most common ABR finding is that the wave is prolonged in ASD (Rosenhall et al, 2003;Tas et al, 2007;Azouz et al, 2014;Kamita et al, 2020).…”

“…The results of ABR are less consistent in terms of how the waves of autistic individuals are different than control but the general trend indicates some form of abnormality (Tanguay et al, 1982;Maziade et al, 2000;Rosenhall et al, 2003;Tas et al, 2007;Russo et al, 2008Russo et al, , 2009Källstrand et al, 2010;Magliaro et al, 2010;Azouz et al, 2014;El Shennawy et al, 2014;Wegiel et al, 2014;Ververi et al, 2015;Miron et al, 2016Miron et al, , 2021Chen et al, 2019;Claesdotter-Knutsson et al, 2019;Ramezani et al, 2019;Jones et al, 2020;Kamita et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020).…”