Auditory processing during deep propofol sedation and recovery from unconsciousness

Koelsch, Stefan; Heinke, Wolfgang; Sammler, Daniela; Olthoff, D

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2006.05.009

Cited by 81 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The cognitive processes eliciting these brain responses are hence most likely different as well Koelsch et al, 2005;Koelsch et al, 2006;Leino et al, 2007). In particular, the extraction of rules dictating a hierarchical structure of musical events seem to require generators in the prefrontal cortex, whereas for the extraction of sequential music rules determining the frequency ratio between two consecutive sounds, the auditory cortex plays a primary role.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two electrophysiological brain responses share similar temporal and scalp distributions, with amplitudes increasing with the degree of (acoustic or harmony) violation and both are linked to behavioral discrimination performance . Although the MMN seems to be more strictly automatic as it can be elicited in participants under deep sedation by anesthesia, both the MMN and the ERAN can be elicited pre-attentively (Heinke et al, 2004;Koelsch et al, 2006). In contrast to the MMN, the ERAN has peak latency and amplitude that specifically depends on the degree of harmonic appropriateness Leino et al, 2007;Steinbeis et al, 2006), which, in turn, is related to prior (implicit or explicit) knowledge of Western tonal harmony.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct neural responses to chord violations: A multiple source analysis study

et al. 2011

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The human brain is constantly predicting the auditory environment by representing sequential similarities and extracting temporal regularities. It has been proposed that simple auditory regularities are extracted at lower stations of the auditory cortex and more complex ones at other brain regions, such as the prefrontal cortex. Deviations from auditory regularities elicit a family of early negative electric potentials distributed over the frontal regions of the scalp. In this study, we wished to disentangle the brain processes associated with sequential vs. hierarchical auditory regularities in a musical context by studying the event-related potentials (ERPs), the behavioral responses to violations of these regularities, and the localization of the underlying ERP generators using two different source analysis algorithms. To this aim, participants listened to musical cadences constituted by seven chords, each containing either harmonically congruous chords, harmonically incongruous chords, or harmonically congruous but mistuned chords. EEG was recorded and multiple source analysis was performed. Incongruous chords violating the rules of harmony elicited a bilateral ERAN, whereas mistuned chords within chord sequences elicited a right-lateralized MMN. We found that the dominant cortical sources for the ERAN were localized around Broca's area and its right homolog, whereas the MMN generators were localized around the primary auditory cortex. These findings suggest a predominant role of the auditory cortices in detecting sequential scale regularities and the posterior prefrontal cortex in parsing hierarchical regularities in music.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct neural responses to chord violations: A multiple source analysis study

et al. 2011

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“…Given that this deviance-dependent activity may be completely absent during many call events, and thus is not strongly linked to sensory coding, and given that it is present under anesthesia, it may reflect an early-stage process that is involved in the involuntary capturing of attention. This is also a suggested function of the mechanisms that underlie the EEG recorded MMN in humans (Escera et al, 1998), which is usually recorded in awake human subjects, but has also been shown to occur under deep anesthesia (Koelsch et al, 2006) and during sleep (Sculthorpe et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Synchronized Activity during Vocal Deviance Detection in the Zebra Finch Auditory Forebrain

Beckers

Gahr

2012

Journal of Neuroscience

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Auditory systems bias responses to sounds that are unexpected on the basis of recent stimulus history, a phenomenon that has been widely studied using sequences of unmodulated tones (mismatch negativity; stimulus-specific adaptation). Such a paradigm, however, does not directly reflect problems that neural systems normally solve for adaptive behavior. We recorded multiunit responses in the caudomedial auditory forebrain of anesthetized zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) at 32 sites simultaneously, to contact calls that recur probabilistically at a rate that is used in communication. Neurons in secondary, but not primary, auditory areas respond preferentially to calls when they are unexpected (deviant) compared with the same calls when they are expected (standard). This response bias is predominantly due to sites more often not responding to standard events than to deviant events. When two call stimuli alternate between standard and deviant roles, most sites exhibit a response bias to deviant events of both stimuli. This suggests that biases are not based on a use-dependent decrease in response strength but involve a more complex mechanism that is sensitive to auditory deviance per se. Furthermore, between many secondary sites, responses are tightly synchronized, a phenomenon that is driven by internal neuronal interactions rather than by the timing of stimulus acoustic features. We hypothesize that this deviance-sensitive, internally synchronized network of neurons is involved in the involuntary capturing of attention by unexpected and behaviorally potentially relevant events in natural auditory scenes.

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“…MMN is a component of negative polarity of scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) at about 150-200 ms poststimulus (Näätänen et al, 1978;Näätänen, 1990). MMNs observed even in comatose (Kane et al, 1996) and generally anesthetized (Koelsch et al, 2006) adults as well as sleeping infants (e.g., Alho et al, 1986) suggest that MMN is also reasonably independent from the awake behavioral state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%